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- Lavandula spp. secção Stoechas : contribuição para a sua identificação na região da Beira BaixaPublication . Domingues, Joana Lopes; Barroca, Celina; Coelho, Maria Teresa; Lourenço, Catarina; Gonçalves, José Carlos; Delgado, F.M.G.; Aph- Associação Portuguesa de HorticulturaEm Portugal, crescem espontaneamente espécies de Lavandula da secção Stoechas Ging. Estas espécies são consideradas Plantas Aromáticas e Medicinais (PAM) devido à produção de metabolitos secundários com propriedades terapêuticas e aromáticas. Devido ao seu elevado polimorfismo e capacidade de hibridação na natureza, torna-se importante o conhecimento e distinção entre as espécies e subespécies. Apesar de alguns dos constituintes químicos serem compartilhados entre estas espécies, a presença de outros e respetivas concentrações são exclusivas de cada uma e, por conseguinte, a sua aplicação e uso também deve ser diferenciado. De forma a contribuir para a diferenciação entre espécies e subespécies de Lavandula que crescem na região da Beira Baixa (BB) recorreu-se aos referenciais morfológicos de Portugal e Península Ibérica. Através da análise destes referenciais, pode-se concluir que existem alguns parâmetros morfológicos destacados e/ou diferenciadores entre espécies e subespécies, salientando-se o tamanho do pedúnculo e espiga e respetiva relação, o tamanho das brácteas inférteis e a forma das brácteas férteis. Neste trabalho, são apresentados os resultados da observação da maioria dos parâmetros diferenciadores, em 80 plantas recolhidas na região da BB. De acordo com os resultados, entre as subespécies, a maioria dos parâmetros são redundantes e comuns, pelo que a análise morfológica externa da planta não demonstrou ser suficiente para distinguir as subespécies. Considerando a evolução natural das espécies e polimorfismo, a integração de outros tipos de análises, como a análise dos constituintes químicos e/ou estudos genéticos, tornam-se importantes para a diferenciação das subespécies.
- Cistus ladanifer L. tissue culture from leaf and stem explants.Publication . Frazão, David F.; Barroca, Celina; Silva, Amélia M.; Delgado, F.M.G.; Gonçalves, José CarlosCistus ladanifer L. exudes a phenolic and terpenoid resin with interesting bioactive and aromatic properties. Despite its high abundance in the wild, this plant can be cultivated to advantage on oligotrophic and trace-elements contaminated soils. Plant tissue culture may be used to produce specific metabolites or for clonal propagation of specific genotypes for plantation. From a biotechnological perspective this is the second study that has attempted in vitro propagation of C. ladanifer from adult plant material. Its goal was to evaluate the potential of leaf and internodal stem explants from C. ladanifer for in vitro tissue culture. Three plant growth regulators were tested: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). From both explants, shoots were regenerated under the influence of BAP (38%) and two types of compact calli were induced: dark green calli were induced under the influence of BAP (above 70%) and light green calli were induced under the influence of 2,4-D with or without BAP (100%). Light green calli grew between 558 and 708% during subsequent subcultures and showed rhizogenic capacity when the amounts of BAP were lower than of 2.4-D, but they showed low potential for shoot organogenesis. Dark green calli were associated with shoot organogenesis. The suitability of the two calli lines to produce metabolites and their transposition to liquid cultures is worth further study in comparison to organ in vitro cultures.
- Cistus ladanifer seeds: from ancient snack to novel and sustainable food ingredientPublication . Frazão, David F.; Paulo, Luísa; Peres, Maria de Fátima; Resende, Mafalda; Espírito Santo, Christophe; Barroca, Celina; Rodrigues, A.M.; Delgado, F.M.G.Cistus ladanifer is a persistent, abundant and widespread underexplored resource in the Iberian Peninsula. The seeds have been used as food for centuries, although their nutritional value and potential as food ingredients have not been exploited until now. In this study seeds from natural shrubland were collected three times during summer for two consecutive years. Analytical evaluation of the macronutrient content, fatty acids, and mineral composition was performed. Regarding the macronutrients, seeds showed a carbohydrate content of 46.1 ± 1.6%, a fibre content of 20.9 ± 1.4%, a protein content of 16.2 ± 0.4%, a lipid content of 13.0 ± 1.1%, and an ash content of 3.87 ± 0.16%. The fatty acids were found to be mostly unsaturated (74.05 ± 0.59%). Potassium was the most abundant mineral (975 ± 53 mg/100 g) followed by phosphorous, magnesium and calcium. In conclusion, several nutrient-related label claims may be used for C. ladanifer seeds as food ingredient. Compared to common cereals, nuts and seeds, C. ladanifer seeds are close to flax and chia seeds in relation to nutritional composition, and to pine nuts in relation to mineral composition.