Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco
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Ethical aspects in scientific literature on participatory research approaches with older adults: a scoping review protocol
Publication . Serrat, Rodrigo; Urbaniak, Ann; Groot, Barbara; Ikier, Symai; Yellon, Tamar; Yaylagul, Nilufer; Gerdina, Otto; Pihlainen, Kaisa; Wanka, Anna; Ozola, Aija; Korkmaz, Mehmet; Honório, Samuel; Pons-Vila, Joan; Lucantoni, Davide; JBI Evidence Synthesis, Human
Objective:
This scoping review will systematically map and synthesize the ethical aspects addressed in the scientific literature on participatory research involving older adults. It will examine both procedural or principle-based research ethics and relational or situational ethics, exploring how these are shaped by contexts and considerations of diversity. The review will also identify conceptual frameworks and gaps to inform research and ethical practice.
Introduction:
Participatory research with older adults is gaining momentum, with ethical considerations central to such approaches. Yet the ethical complexity of participatory processes is often underreported. This review will explore how ethical aspects are described in the literature.
Eligibility criteria:
Studies will be included if they focus on individuals aged 60 and over who are involved in research through consultative, collaborative, or co-decisional roles. Eligible studies must explicitly address ethical aspects related to procedural or principle-based research ethics, relational or situational ethics, or both.
Methods:
Given the growing emphasis on ethical considerations in participatory research involving older adults, a scoping review is appropriate for mapping the extent, range, and nature of the available evidence. The review will follow JBI methodology and established scoping review frameworks, incorporating both descriptive quantitative and qualitative analyses. Six databases will be searched: Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, and Sociological Abstracts. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts, and assess full texts for inclusion, with a third reviewer consulted as needed. Findings will be organized under conceptual and thematic headings and presented in tables, figures, and descriptive synthesis.
Multidimensional determinants of decision making in judo: a systematic review
Publication . Batista, Marco; Šimenko, Jožef
Introduction: Decision-making in judo is a critical skill, shaped by multiple physiological, contextual, technical, and psychological factors that interact in highly unpredictable and tactically demanding environments.
Objetive: This systematic review aimed to analyze the main determinants of decision-making in judo, synthesize the methodological designs used, and discuss the associated practical and research implications.
Methodology: The Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched according to PRISMA guidelines, yielding 4 eligible studies.
Results: Evidence shows that decision-making in combat is strongly influenced by variables such as tournament phase, weight category, rapid weight loss, and the opponent's technical style. Lighter athletes exhibit greater technical diversity and faster decision-making, while heavier categories prioritize strength and ground control. Strategies such as pacing and intensity adjustments depending on the competitive moment emerge as central tactical determinants.
Rapid weight loss has been shown to compromise executive function, negatively impacting attention and reaction time. Despite advances in observational analyses, there remains a lack of experimental studies integrating neurocognitive and psychophysiological metrics.
Conclusions: The conclusion is that decision-making in judo should be trained in representative contexts that simulate the cognitive, technical, and emotional pressures of real competition, promoting an integrated approach between technical training, physical preparation, and mental regulation.
A importância do brincar para o desenvolvimento cognitivo e social das crianças no contexto da educação pré-escolar
Publication . Gomes, Sofia Alexandra Lopes; Pereira, Cristina Maria Gonçalves
O presente Relatório de Estágio reflete o percurso formativo desenvolvido no âmbito do Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, articulando as vivências na Associação Jardim de Infância Dr. Alfredo Mota e na Escola Básica Professor Doutor António Sena Faria de Vasconcelos.
O trabalho centra-se na investigação-ação intitulada “A importância do Brincar para o Desenvolvimento Cognitivo e Social das crianças no contexto da Educação Pré-Escolar”, que procurou compreender de que forma as brincadeiras livres potenciam o desenvolvimento cognitivo, especificamente o conceito de espaço e o desenvolvimento social, em particular a interação social.
A investigação seguiu uma metodologia qualitativa, recorrendo a técnicas de recolha de dados fundamentadas na observação participante e na escrita de notas de campo. Foi também realizada uma entrevista à educadora cooperante para estudar a perceção da docente sobre o papel do brincar no desenvolvimento cognitivo e social, bem como o preenchimento de grelhas de observação, que serviram para compreender a evolução das crianças da amostra. Através da análise de conteúdo e da triangulação destes dados, procurou-se conferir rigor à interpretação dos resultados e à planificação de estratégias pedagógicas adequadas.
Os resultados demonstram que o brincar é fundamental para a construção do conhecimento, evidenciando-se a sua influência direta no desenvolvimento do conceito de espaço e na interação social. Concluiu-se que as brincadeiras livres permitem às crianças explorar e organizar o mundo que as rodeia, transformando vivências em conceitos espaciais, enquanto promovem a partilha e a cooperação. O estudo reforça a importância de o educador valorizar estes momentos lúdicos, rentabilizando as áreas de atividades como cenários onde a interação e a exploração do espaço se convertem em aprendizagens significativas.
Impact of cognitive distraction on driving performance and safety in older adults: A cluster analysis of age, gender, and functional mobility
Publication . Ayama, Sérgio; Greve, Júlia Maria D'Andréa; Silva, Vanderlei Carneiro da; Canonica, Alexandra Carolina; Lino, Matheus Henrique dos Santos; Guiotto, Alisson de Lima; Davis, Catherine L.; Soares, André Luiz de Seixas; Rodrigues, Francisco; Furtado, Guilherme Eustáquio; Brech, Guilherme Carlos; Castilho Alonso, Angelica
Any activity that diverts a driver's attention during vehicle operation may compromise driving performance and road safety. This study aimed to analyze the effect of conversational distraction on driving performance, examine the association of age and gender with braking time, and identify driver profiles potentially associated with increased traffic vulnerability. A total of 101 drivers participated: 51 older adults (mean age: 69.5 ± 5.9 years) and 50 younger adults (mean age: 33.4 ± 8.8 years). Driving performance was assessed using a simulator, with braking time and driving speed as primary outcomes. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and mobility and balance were assessed using the Timed-Up and Go Test (TUGT), both with and without a cognitive task. Older adults exhibited significantly longer braking times compared to younger adults (p = 0.046). However, they also demonstrated lower driving speeds, both with distraction (p = 0.01) and without distraction (p = 0.003). Conversation did not increase braking time but reduced speed in older adults (p = 0.01), suggesting a compensatory driving strategy. Women, regardless of age group, showed significantly longer braking times both with (p < 0.001) and without distraction (p = 0.03). Cluster analysis identified two groups: Cluster 1 (n = 64, 63%) and Cluster 2 (n = 37, 37%). Cluster 2, characterized by a higher proportion of older adults, lower education levels, slower TUGT performance, longer braking times, and reduced driving speeds, accounted for 24.7% of the variance explained by the multivariate clustering solution. Age and female sex were associated with longer braking times.
Although conversation did not increase braking time, it reduced speed among older adults, suggesting a compensatory strategy. Drivers who were older, less educated, and presented reduced functional mobility exhibited a performance profile associated with increased vulnerability in traffic contexts.
História, ficção e identidade: o 25 de Abril na literatura para crianças e jovens.
Publication . Pires, Natividade; Arnaut, Ana Paula; Peixinho, Ana Teresa
Este artigo aborda uma diversidade de livros para crianças e jovens sobre o 25 de Abril de 1974, publicados ao longo de cinco décadas. As dimensões informativa, pedagógica, ideológica e literária articulam-se de diferentes formas, sendo estas obras multifacetadas na transmissão às crianças e jovens do séc. XXI dos valores defendidos pela Revolução do Cravos em Portugal.