Browsing by Author "Barroca, Celina"
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- As atividades de ciência cidadã para um controlo de acácias mais sustentávelPublication . Barroca, Celina; Skulska, Iryna; Pedro, Soraia; Anjos, O.; Colaço, ConceiçãoAs espécies exóticas invasoras são uma das principais causas de perda de biodiversidade, afetando seriamente as atividades económicas e sociais em espaço rural. Em Portugal, as plantas lenhosas invasoras com maior impacto nas áreas florestais são Acacia spp. ocupando cerca de 18.000 ha. O aumento crescente deve-se, entre outros fatores, aos incêndios florestais, em que o efeito do fogo estimula a germinação e o crescimento de novos rebentos. O controlo destas invasoras é essencial, mas tem custos elevados. O projeto multidisciplinar Acacia4FirePrev (https://www.acacia4fireprev.com/) procura alternativas de valorização económica desta biomassa, visando diminuir os custos do seu controlo. Porém, é indispensável aumentar a consciência pública sobre o papel das acácias na alteração dos ecossistemas e no risco de incêndio rural, através de ações de Ciência Cidadã (CC) e Educação Ambiental (EA). Esta é uma das tarefas do projeto o qual procura: (i) identificar lacunas de conhecimento para o desenvolvimento de programas de educação e disseminação da informação; (ii) aumentar o envolvimento das comunidades locais e escolares; (iii) envolver a população na identificação das áreas invadidas por acácia e realização do seu controlo. O projeto têm dinamizado várias atividades de CC e EA, a vários público alvo, nomeadamente: (i) público em geral através de organização de ações de identificação das acácias; (ii) profissionais, através da produção de um guia de identificação com a descrição das técnicas de controlo; (iii) escolas, através do desenvolvimento de material didático para os alunos e atividades de sensibilização e acolhimento para encarregados de educação; (iv) representantes da comunidade em zonas de grandes áreas de acacial. As atividades realizadas têm tido elevada aceitação, concluindo-se que o debate, as oportunidades e os desafios desta abordagem, que conjuga CC e EA, levam a uma melhor informação e consequentemente melhor controlo desta invasora.
- Caracterização do perfil fenólico em extratos de flores de acácia spp.Publication . Pedro, Soraia; Rosado, Tiago; Barroca, Celina; Neiva, Duarte; Gominho, Jorge; Gallardo, Eugenia; Anjos, O.Caracterização do perfil fenólico em extratos de flores de acácia spp.
- Characterisation of the phenolic profile of Acacia retinodes and Acacia mearnsii flowers’ extractsPublication . Pedro, Soraia; Rosado, Tiago; Barroca, Celina; Neiva, Duarte; Alonso-Herranz, Vanesa; Gradillas, Ana; García, Antonia; Gominho, Jorge; Gallardo, Eugenia; Anjos, O.Acacia spp. is an invasive species that is widespread throughout the Portuguese territory. Thus, it is pertinent to better understand this species in order to find different applications that will value its use. To evaluate the phenolic profile in Acacia flowers, ethanolic extracts obtained through an energized guided dispersive extraction were analysed, focusing on two species, Acacia retinodes and Acacia mearnsii, at two flowering stages. The phytochemical profile of each extract was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-offlight mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector. The FTIR-ATR technique was used to distinguish the different samples’ compositions. The results showed the presence of high concentrations of phenolic compounds (>300 mg GAE/g extract), among which are flavonoids (>136 mg QE/g extract), for all combinations of species/flowering stages. The phytochemical profile showed a complex composition with 21 compounds identified and quantified (the predominant ones being epicatechin, rutin, vanillin, and catechol). Both species and flowering stages presented significant variations regarding the presence and quantity of phenols and flavonoids, so much so that a principal component analysis performed with FTIR-ATR spectra data of the extracts was able to discriminate between species and flowering stages.
- Cistus ladanifer L. tissue culture from leaf and stem explants.Publication . Frazão, David F.; Barroca, Celina; Silva, Amélia M.; Delgado, F.M.G.; Gonçalves, José CarlosCistus ladanifer L. exudes a phenolic and terpenoid resin with interesting bioactive and aromatic properties. Despite its high abundance in the wild, this plant can be cultivated to advantage on oligotrophic and trace-elements contaminated soils. Plant tissue culture may be used to produce specific metabolites or for clonal propagation of specific genotypes for plantation. From a biotechnological perspective this is the second study that has attempted in vitro propagation of C. ladanifer from adult plant material. Its goal was to evaluate the potential of leaf and internodal stem explants from C. ladanifer for in vitro tissue culture. Three plant growth regulators were tested: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). From both explants, shoots were regenerated under the influence of BAP (38%) and two types of compact calli were induced: dark green calli were induced under the influence of BAP (above 70%) and light green calli were induced under the influence of 2,4-D with or without BAP (100%). Light green calli grew between 558 and 708% during subsequent subcultures and showed rhizogenic capacity when the amounts of BAP were lower than of 2.4-D, but they showed low potential for shoot organogenesis. Dark green calli were associated with shoot organogenesis. The suitability of the two calli lines to produce metabolites and their transposition to liquid cultures is worth further study in comparison to organ in vitro cultures.
- Cistus ladanifer seeds: from ancient snack to novel and sustainable food ingredientPublication . Frazão, David F.; Paulo, Luísa; Peres, Maria de Fátima; Resende, Mafalda; Espírito Santo, Christophe; Barroca, Celina; Rodrigues, A.M.; Delgado, F.M.G.Cistus ladanifer is a persistent, abundant and widespread underexplored resource in the Iberian Peninsula. The seeds have been used as food for centuries, although their nutritional value and potential as food ingredients have not been exploited until now. In this study seeds from natural shrubland were collected three times during summer for two consecutive years. Analytical evaluation of the macronutrient content, fatty acids, and mineral composition was performed. Regarding the macronutrients, seeds showed a carbohydrate content of 46.1 ± 1.6%, a fibre content of 20.9 ± 1.4%, a protein content of 16.2 ± 0.4%, a lipid content of 13.0 ± 1.1%, and an ash content of 3.87 ± 0.16%. The fatty acids were found to be mostly unsaturated (74.05 ± 0.59%). Potassium was the most abundant mineral (975 ± 53 mg/100 g) followed by phosphorous, magnesium and calcium. In conclusion, several nutrient-related label claims may be used for C. ladanifer seeds as food ingredient. Compared to common cereals, nuts and seeds, C. ladanifer seeds are close to flax and chia seeds in relation to nutritional composition, and to pine nuts in relation to mineral composition.
- Insights into the bioactivities and chemical analysis of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) SwinglePublication . Caramelo, Débora; Pedro, Soraia; Marques, Hernâni; Simão, Ana Y.; Rosado, Tiago; Barroca, Celina; Gominho, Jorge; Anjos, O.; Gallardo, EugeniaMany species of the so-called exotic plants coexist with native species in a balanced way, but others thrive very quickly and escape human control, becoming harmful—these are called invasive alien species. In addition to overcoming geographic barriers, these species can defeat biotic and abiotic barriers, maintaining stable populations. Ailanthus altissima is no exception; it is disseminated worldwide and is considered high risk due to its easy propagation and resistance to external environmental factors. Currently, it has no particular use other than ornamental, even though it is used to treat epilepsy, diarrhea, asthma, ophthalmic diseases, and seborrhoea in Chinese medicine. Considering its rich composition in alkaloids, terpenoids, sterols, and flavonoids, doubtlessly, its use in medicine or other fields can be maximised. This review will focus on the knowledge of the chemical composition and the discovery of the biological properties of A. altissima to understand this plant better and maximise its possible use for purposes such as medicine, pharmacy, or the food industry. Methods for the extraction and detection to know the chemical composition will also be discussed in detail.
- Insights into the bioactivities and chemical analysis of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) swinglePublication . Caramelo, Débora; Pedro, Soraia; Marques, Hernâni; Simão, Ana Y.; Rosado, Tiago; Barroca, Celina; Gominho, Jorge; Anjos, O.; Gallardo, EugeniaIn recent years, several analytical methods for characterising the Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle have aroused interest in the scientific community, since this species is not only considered an invasive alien species, but also possesses a wide and complex number of chemical compounds. These compounds are studied with the aim of ascertaining their biological activities, which could help to understand their mechanisms of action, develop new products with potential application in different fields of research.
- Lavandula spp. secção Stoechas : contribuição para a sua identificação na região da Beira BaixaPublication . Domingues, Joana Lopes; Barroca, Celina; Coelho, Maria Teresa; Lourenço, Catarina; Gonçalves, José Carlos; Delgado, F.M.G.; Aph- Associação Portuguesa de HorticulturaEm Portugal, crescem espontaneamente espécies de Lavandula da secção Stoechas Ging. Estas espécies são consideradas Plantas Aromáticas e Medicinais (PAM) devido à produção de metabolitos secundários com propriedades terapêuticas e aromáticas. Devido ao seu elevado polimorfismo e capacidade de hibridação na natureza, torna-se importante o conhecimento e distinção entre as espécies e subespécies. Apesar de alguns dos constituintes químicos serem compartilhados entre estas espécies, a presença de outros e respetivas concentrações são exclusivas de cada uma e, por conseguinte, a sua aplicação e uso também deve ser diferenciado. De forma a contribuir para a diferenciação entre espécies e subespécies de Lavandula que crescem na região da Beira Baixa (BB) recorreu-se aos referenciais morfológicos de Portugal e Península Ibérica. Através da análise destes referenciais, pode-se concluir que existem alguns parâmetros morfológicos destacados e/ou diferenciadores entre espécies e subespécies, salientando-se o tamanho do pedúnculo e espiga e respetiva relação, o tamanho das brácteas inférteis e a forma das brácteas férteis. Neste trabalho, são apresentados os resultados da observação da maioria dos parâmetros diferenciadores, em 80 plantas recolhidas na região da BB. De acordo com os resultados, entre as subespécies, a maioria dos parâmetros são redundantes e comuns, pelo que a análise morfológica externa da planta não demonstrou ser suficiente para distinguir as subespécies. Considerando a evolução natural das espécies e polimorfismo, a integração de outros tipos de análises, como a análise dos constituintes químicos e/ou estudos genéticos, tornam-se importantes para a diferenciação das subespécies.
- Potential applications of the Cytisus shrub species : Cytisus multiflorus, Cytisus scoparius, and Cytisus striatusPublication . Caramelo, Débora; Barroca, Celina; Guiné, Raquel P.F.; Gallardo, Eugenia; Anjos, O.; Gominho, Jorge