Browsing by Author "Rocha, Saulo Vasconcelos"
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- The influence of structured physical activity on vaccination response from adults to older individuals: a systematic review on the Immunoinflammatory crosstalk of COVID-19Publication . Ferreira, Bruna Maria Palotino; Rocha, Saulo Vasconcelos; Silva, Albená Nunes; Gomes, Antonio Felipe Souza; Rodrigues, Francisco; Coelho, Patricia; Bachi, André Luís Lacerda; Oliveira, Rodrigo Assunção de; Barros, Marcelo Paes de; Furtado, Guilherme EustáquioBackground: Amidst the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, understanding factors that influence vaccine efficacy is crucial, particularly in older adults. Regular physical exercise and/or structured physical activity (SPA) has emerged as a potential modulator of immune responses, enhancing vaccine effectiveness. This systematic review aims to consolidate current evidence on the impact of SPA/exercise on both immune and inflammatory responses to COVID-19 vaccination in adults and older individuals. Methods: Most relevant studies were extracted from indexed databases using health subject terms in English, Portuguese, and Spanish. Studies that examined the impact of regular exercise or SPA on inflammatory and/or immunological responses in relation to COVID-19 immunization were selected. In particular, all chosen studies included individuals who received vaccinations either prior to or following the exercise regimen or SPA, and the main goal was to evaluate these effects on immunological and/or inflammatory reactions induced by vaccination. Results: Among the 7 studies included (n = 1149), the effects of regular exercise or PA on vaccine-induced imune responses while concurrently assessing inflammatory markers were examined. The findings suggest that moderate to high-intensity structured physical activity (50–70% of maximum heart rate for aerobic exercise and 60–80% of 1RM for resistance training), performed 3–5 times per week, was able to enhance immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination, particularly by mitigating chronic low-grade inflammation. Acute exercise can transiently boost immunity, whilst engagement in moderate SPA over a period of six months may contribute to sustained improvements in imune function, especially in older adults. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to variability in study design, sample characteristics, and potential confounding factors. Conclusion: Regular exercise and SPA play a significant role in improving immune/inflammatory responses to COVID-19 vaccination. Older adults, in particular, may benefit from regular SPA and exercise as a strategy to counteract immunosenescence and optimize vaccine efficacy. However, further research is needed to better refine exerciseprotocols and determine long-term benefits in different populations.
- Multicomponent exercise training does not alter depressive symptoms in older people: a systematic review with meta-analysis of current evidencePublication . Conceição, Ariani França; Furtado, Guilherme Eustáquio; Lourenço, Camilo Luis Monteiro; Dias, Ana Luiza Rego; Rodrigues, Francisco; Costa, Sónia Brito; Cezar, Natália Oiring de Castro; Oliveira, Marcos Paulo Braz de; Rocha, Saulo Vasconcelos; Rodrigues, FranciscoBackground: Depression is a prevalent mental health condition among older adults, negatively impacting their quality of life and overall well-being. Physical exercise has been identifed as a potential intervention for improving mental health in this population. Multicomponent training (MCT), which combines exercises targeting multiple physical capacities, is widely prescribed to older adults; however, its efcacy in reducing depressive symptoms (DS) remains unclear. Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efects of MCT on DS in older adults, assess the overall efectiveness of such interventions, and identify methodological and contextual factors that might infuence outcomes. Methods: We conducted a systematic search across six databases—PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science—for clinical trials evaluating MCT interventions in older adults with DS. Included studies used the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) to assess outcomes. MCT was defined as a training program incorporating at least three distinct physical capacities (e.g., strength, endurance, balance, fexibility). Meta-analyses were performed using a random-efects model (Hedges’ g), and study quality was assessed using the TESTEX scale. Results: Ten studies (n=781) were included in the systematic review, with fve studies (n=305) included in the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed no signifcant overall efect of MCT on DS (g=−0.090; 95% CI=−0.448 to 0.269, p=0.624). Methodological inconsistencies, lack of load control, and high variability in MCT composition across studies were noted. The median methodological quality was moderate (median TESTEX score=7, IQR 7–8). Recent literature has emphasized the importance of protocol specifcity and suggested that current MCT designs may not efectively address mental health outcomes. Conclusion: MCT interventions did not show a signifcant efect on reducing DS in older adults. Given its frequent prescription in geriatric care, these fndings challenge current assumptions about MCT’s mental health benefts. This message is crucial for clinicians and researchers, as small variations in protocol design may hinder consistency in outcomes. Further high-quality trials are needed to clarify MCT's potential role in mental health management among older adults.