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Calmeiro dos Santos, Cristina

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  • Robรณtica na construรงรฃo: uma aplicaรงรฃo prรกtica
    Publication . Santos, C.C.
    A robรณtica ao pretender substituir o homem pelas mรกquinas essencialmente em operaรงรตes de trabalho manual intensivo e em tarefas com operaรงรตes repetitivas, tem no sector da construรงรฃo um vasto campo para o desenvolvimento de aplicaรงรตes pois este sector caracteriza-se por ser um grande absorsor de mรฃo de obra. Os robรดs, nomeadamente os manipuladores, possuem caracterรญsticas e um grau de desenvolvimento tรฉcnico que se mostra suficiente para ir ao encontro das solicitaรงรตes de vรกrias tarefas da construรงรฃo. O aproveitamento das potencialidades e virtualidades dos progressos da robรณtica conduz a alteraรงรตes no processo construtivo desde a fase de concepรงรฃo e projecto atรฉ ร s tecnologias de execuรงรฃo nos estaleiros das obras. Assim, investiga-se, por um lado, a actuaรงรฃo dos robรดs nos actuais locais de produรงรฃo da indรบstria da construรงรฃo (estaleiros) e, por outro lado, as potencialidades de aplicabilidade da robรณtica nas indรบstrias a montante com tarefas de fabrico executadas em ambiente controlado, sob a forma de processos construtivos passรญveis de execuรงรฃo em meio fabril tradicional. Neste trabalho desenvolve-se uma aplicaรงรฃo de robรดs manipuladores na execuรงรฃo de soldadura de estruturas metรกlicas sustentando a ideia da possibilidade de incorporar nas obras, uma percentagem significativa de prรฉ-fabricaรงรฃo, executada por robรดs.
  • Inflence of the cooling process on the residual mechanical properties of ordinary concrete
    Publication . Santos, C.C.; Rodrigues, Joรฃo Paulo; Coelho, Antรณnio Leรงa
    The concrete structures have usually good behavior in fire. However, when the fire is severe and of long duration the concrete elements may lose partial or totally their load bearing capacity. This phenomenon can be aggravated by the extinction process of the fire used that causes quite always high thermal stresses and cracking in concrete. With the aim to clarify the effect of the cooling process on the mechanical properties of the concrete a research program was carried out in the University of Coimbra. The concrete specimens were heated up to different temperature levels (300, 500 and 700ยบC) and after a period of stabilization they were cooled down. Two processes of cooling were tested, cooling on the air (intending to simulate the natural extinction of the fire) and cooling by water jet (intending to simulate the action of the firemen in fire combat). During the heating / cooling process the specimens were subjected to a constant compressive load (0.3fcd and 0.7fcd) in way to simulate the real situation of the concrete when in a structural member. The specimens after the heating / cooling process and at room temperature were then tested in compression, allowing determining the residual compression strength of the concrete.
  • The use of robots in the construction industry
    Publication . Pereira, Telmo; Santos, C.C.; Pires, Norberto
    This article first explains why it is currently not feasible to use robots on construction sites. The authors argue that robotics will be utilized in the upstream industries, either in component manufacture or in constructive processes capable of being undertaken in a traditional factory setting. Although the former would be a simple way of incorporating robotics into the construction industry, the second would have major implications for the constructive process that extends from the project design phase to the technologies employed on the building site.