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Abstract(s)
Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram a avaliação da capacidade de fecundação
in vitro e posterior desenvolvimento até ao estado de mórula compacta/blastocisto
após congelação/descongelação de ovócitos imaturos bovinos, recorrendo ao ficol
como crioprotetor. Desta forma foram então utilizados um total de 134 ovários
recolhidos no Matadouro dos quais foram puncionados 1245 cumulus complexos
ovocitários (COCs) classificados com classe A e B sendo estes divididos em dois
grupos de trabalho: Grupo 1 - Avaliação da toxicidade dos crioprotetores (n=691);
Grupo 2 - Avaliação da vitrificação de ovócitos (n=554). Os ovócitos pertencentes ao
Grupo 1 foram usados para a avaliação do Ficol como crioprotetor sendo os
resultados avaliados pela taxa de desenvolvimento nuclear após a sua maturação.
Após observar que o Ficol não é toxico para os COCs, foi desenvolvida a segunda parte
do trabalho (Grupo 2), onde após a descongelação, os ovócitos foram fecundados in
vitro sendo avaliado o estado de desenvolvimento embrionário. No que concerne aos
resultados da expansão das células do cumulus oophurus, observou-se uma menor
taxa de expansão dos cumulus dos ovócitos submetidos ao meio de vitrificação
contendo apenas DMSO (88,7±2,6), quando comparados com os resultados do DMSO
+ Ficol (91,8±2,2) (p <0,05). No grupo controlo a taxa de maturação avaliada por este
critério foi de 92,9± 1.6, sendo também estatisticamente superior ao grupo onde foi
apenas usado DMSO como crioprotetor (P<0,05). Na avaliação da taxa de maturação,
recorrendo ao desenvolvimento nuclear, não foram registadas diferenças
significativas na percentagem de ovócitos maturados, submetidos ao meio de
vitrificação contendo DMSO (48,8%) quando comparados com os valores obtidos pelo
grupo controlo (51,0%). A suplementação do meio de vitrificação com o Ficol não
demonstrou nenhuma melhoria no desenvolvimento nuclear (44,1%) porém não se
verificou que este crioprotetor tenha uma ação negativa no progresso de maturação
nuclear.
Em relação a taxa de sobreviventes, observa-se então uma diferença significativa
(p <0,05), entre o grupo do DMSO (94.5±1.4%) e o controlo (100%) (p<0,05) sendo
menor no grupo do DMSO + Ficol (85.6±7.0) (p<0,05).
Em relação aos resultados referentes ao desenvolvimento embrionário no estado
de 2 – 8 células, foram superiores no grupo controlo (67.9±5.1), sendo DMSO 26.5
(±1.8%) para o DMSO e 17.4 (±1.1%) e DMSO + Ficol (p<0,05). Nos restantes estados
de desenvolvimento embrionário as diferenças observadas entre o DMSO
(21.5±2.1%) e o DMSO + Ficol (22.3±5.7%) não foram estatisticamente significativas,
no entanto o grupo controlo (52.0±8.4%) obteve sempre percentagens superiores,
sendo estas diferenças significativas (P <0.05).
Podemos então concluir que o Ficol ao não ser toxico para os ovócitos imaturos de
bovinos trata-se de um crioprotetor com ação benéfica na maturação nuclear para o
processo de vitrificação, pois protege os ovócitos da elevada toxicidade do DMSO.
The main objectives of this study were to assess the ability of in vitro fertilization and subsequent development to the state of morula/blastocyst after freezing/thawing of immature oocytes bovine, using ficol as cryoprotectant. Thus a total of 134 ovaries collected at a local abattoir of which 1245 cumulus oocytes complex (COCs), classified as class A and B were divided into two groups: Group 1: - Evaluation of the toxicity of cryoprotectants (n=691) and Group 2 – Rating of development after in vitro fertilization after oocyte’s vitrification (n=554). The oocytes in Group 1 were used to evaluate the toxicity of the cryoprotectant Ficol and the results were evaluated by the rate of nuclear maturation development. After noting that the Ficol is not toxic to COCs, the second part of the work (Group 2) was developed, where after thawing, the oocytes were fertilized in vitro and evaluated the state of development and maturation of embryos. Regarding the results of expanding cumulus cells oophurus, there was a lower rate of expansion of the cumulus of the oocytes undergoing vitrification medium containing DMSO alone (88.7±2.6 %) compared with the results of + DMSO Ficol (91.8 ± 2.2 %) (p<0.05). In the control group the rate of maturation evaluated by this criterion was 92.9 (±1.6%), being also statistically superior as compared to the group which was only used as a cryoprotectant DMSO (P<0.05). COC’s maturation rate, using the nuclear development, no significant differences were recorded in the percentage of matured oocytes subjected to vitrification medium containing DMSO (48.8 %) when compared with values obtained for the control group (51.0 %). The vitrification medium supplementation with Ficol showed no improvement in nuclear development (44.1%), besides this cryoprotectant has a negative action in the progress of nuclear maturation. Regarding the rate of survivors, it was observed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the group of DMSO (94.5 ± 1.4 %) and control (100 %) (p<0.05), being lower in the DMSO+Ficol group (85.6 ± 7.0) (p<0.05). Results for the embryonic development in the state 2-8 cells, were higher in the control group (67.9 ± 5.1 %), being 26.5 (± 1.8 % ) for DMSO and 17.4 (± 1.1 % ) for DMSO+Ficol (P<0.05). In the other stages of embryonic development the differences observed between the DMSO (21.5 ± 2.1 % ) and DMSO + Ficol (22.3 ± 5.7 % ) were not statistically significant, however the control group (52.0 ± 8.4 %) always got higher percentages of development (p<0.05). We can then conclude that the Ficol is not toxic to the immature bovine oocytes, and can act as beneficial for the vitrification process, protecting oocytes from high toxicity of DMSO.
The main objectives of this study were to assess the ability of in vitro fertilization and subsequent development to the state of morula/blastocyst after freezing/thawing of immature oocytes bovine, using ficol as cryoprotectant. Thus a total of 134 ovaries collected at a local abattoir of which 1245 cumulus oocytes complex (COCs), classified as class A and B were divided into two groups: Group 1: - Evaluation of the toxicity of cryoprotectants (n=691) and Group 2 – Rating of development after in vitro fertilization after oocyte’s vitrification (n=554). The oocytes in Group 1 were used to evaluate the toxicity of the cryoprotectant Ficol and the results were evaluated by the rate of nuclear maturation development. After noting that the Ficol is not toxic to COCs, the second part of the work (Group 2) was developed, where after thawing, the oocytes were fertilized in vitro and evaluated the state of development and maturation of embryos. Regarding the results of expanding cumulus cells oophurus, there was a lower rate of expansion of the cumulus of the oocytes undergoing vitrification medium containing DMSO alone (88.7±2.6 %) compared with the results of + DMSO Ficol (91.8 ± 2.2 %) (p<0.05). In the control group the rate of maturation evaluated by this criterion was 92.9 (±1.6%), being also statistically superior as compared to the group which was only used as a cryoprotectant DMSO (P<0.05). COC’s maturation rate, using the nuclear development, no significant differences were recorded in the percentage of matured oocytes subjected to vitrification medium containing DMSO (48.8 %) when compared with values obtained for the control group (51.0 %). The vitrification medium supplementation with Ficol showed no improvement in nuclear development (44.1%), besides this cryoprotectant has a negative action in the progress of nuclear maturation. Regarding the rate of survivors, it was observed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the group of DMSO (94.5 ± 1.4 %) and control (100 %) (p<0.05), being lower in the DMSO+Ficol group (85.6 ± 7.0) (p<0.05). Results for the embryonic development in the state 2-8 cells, were higher in the control group (67.9 ± 5.1 %), being 26.5 (± 1.8 % ) for DMSO and 17.4 (± 1.1 % ) for DMSO+Ficol (P<0.05). In the other stages of embryonic development the differences observed between the DMSO (21.5 ± 2.1 % ) and DMSO + Ficol (22.3 ± 5.7 % ) were not statistically significant, however the control group (52.0 ± 8.4 %) always got higher percentages of development (p<0.05). We can then conclude that the Ficol is not toxic to the immature bovine oocytes, and can act as beneficial for the vitrification process, protecting oocytes from high toxicity of DMSO.
Description
Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior Agrária do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco
para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Zootécnica.
Keywords
Gado bovino Criopreservação Ficol Ovócito Toxicidade
