Percorrer por autor "Fonseca, Teresa de Jesus"
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- Emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between sport type and social anxiety in adolescentsPublication . Fernandes, Helder Miguel; Costa, Henrique; Esteves, Pedro Tiago; Fonseca, Teresa de Jesus; Honório, Samuel; Rodrigues, Aristides M. Machado; FrontiersBackground: Adolescence is a developmental period marked by heightened social anxiety vulnerability. Organized sport may protect mental health, but the psychological mechanisms linking sport type to social anxiety remain unclear. Objective: This study examined whether specific emotional intelligence dimensions mediate the association between sport type and social anxiety among adolescents, and whether sex or age moderates these relationships. Methods: The sample comprised 1036 adolescents (603 girls and 433 boys), aged 12-17 years. Participants completed self-report measures assessing sport participation (no sport = 684; individual 24 = 156; and team = 196), emotional intelligence, and social anxiety. Mediation and moderated mediation analyses were conducted using bootstrapped regression models. Results: The use of emotion emerged as the most consistent mediator between sport participation and lower levels of social anxiety. Both individual and team sports were indirectly associated with lower fear of negative evaluation, reduced social avoidance and distress through a greater use of emotion. Team sport participation also showed a direct positive association with fear of negative evaluation, indicating inconsistent mediation. Sex showed no significant moderation effect. Age influenced certain direct and indirect pathways, with team sport participation showing a transient positive association with fear of negative evaluation during early adolescence, buffered by stable protective indirect effects of use of emotion across ages. This is a provisional file, not the final typeset article. Conclusions: These findings indicate that sport participation types were indirectly 34 associated with lower social anxiety in adolescents through adaptive use of emotion, while also suggesting that team sport contexts may amplify evaluative pressures that increase fear of negative evaluation during early adolescence.
- Pre-competitive anxiety: a comparative study between «under 12» and senior teams in footballPublication . Serrano, João; Reis, Rui Pedro Nunes dos; Fonseca, Teresa de Jesus; Paulo, Rui; Honório, Samuel; Batista, MarcoThe present investigation intends to study if the importance and the difficulty of the game, if the pre-competitive anxiety (somatic and cognitive) and the levels of self-confidence in football were influenced by the competitive level (Under 12s and Seniors) and where the game took place (home / outside) and to verify the correlations between these variables. The sample was intentional and consisted of 85 male athletes, participants in the regional championship of «Under 12s» and Seniors. The «Under 12s» athletes (35) were aged between 11 and 12 years (M = 11.02 ± 0.37) and the Senior athletes (50) were aged between 18 and 35 years (M = 26.66 ± 4.41). The instrument used was the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2) of Martens et al. (1990) and translated and validated into the Portuguese language by Raposo & Fernandes (2004). Regarding statistical procedures we tested the sample distribution through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. For a normal distribution, we used the T-student parametric test for independent samples. Correlations between the variables were determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient, and we applied linear regression according to the variable’s importance and difficulty of the games for both age groups. We also applied an inferential method based on the magnitude of effects through d-Cohen and r-Cohen. We adopted a significance level of p dŠ 0.05. The results showed that, regardless of the competitive level (Under 12s or Seniors), athletes attributed high levels of importance and difficulty to games played both at home and outside. The levels of importance and difficulty of the games, as well as the levels of cognitive and somatic anxiety were higher in the Under 12s teams, although without significant differences compared to Seniors’ teams, whereas the levels of self-confidence were significantly higher in the Seniors’ teams. In both groups positive correlations were observed between the difficulty of the game and its importance, promoting these variables in general terms and in both levels an increase of anxiety and a decrease in self-confidence. The results were abounding that the importance and the difficulty of the games explain residually in the levels of Under 12s and Seniors the states of anxiety and selfconfidence.