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Jovens como futuros cuidadores: perspetivas dos jovens face ao envelhecimento
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Face ao acentuado envelhecimento demográfico crescente e às tensões sociais dele decorrentes, torna-se essencial compreender de que forma as gerações mais jovens percecionam o processo de envelhecimento e quais as repercussões dessas representações nas relações intergeracionais. Este estudo assume-se como uma estratégia pedagógica e socialmente relevante para desconstruir estereótipos associados à velhice e promover a inclusão da população idosa.
O presente estudo, de natureza quantitativa, teve como objetivos analisar a perceção dos estudantes do 1.º ano da Licenciatura em Educação Social sobre o envelhecimento, bem como as suas atitudes perante a população mais velha, o grau de conhecimento sobre políticas públicas e respostas sociais e a valorização do papel do educador social neste domínio. A amostra foi composta por 44 indivíduos, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 25 anos. Recorreu-se à estatística descritiva para a análise dos dados obtidos por questionário.
Os resultados evidenciam um contacto regular com pessoas mais velhas, predominantemente em contexto familiar, o que parece favorecer representações mais positivas e empáticas. Ainda assim, foram identificadas perceções ambivalentes, persistência de alguns estereótipos e, sobretudo, um conhecimento limitado sobre os apoios sociais e políticas públicas existentes. Destacaram-se como áreas prioritárias de intervenção, a inclusão social, o combate ao isolamento, a valorização da experiência de vida e o reforço da autonomia da população idosa.
Conclui-se que a perceção que os jovens têm sobre o envelhecimento é fortemente condicionada por fatores pessoais, culturais e sociais, e que a intervenção educativa, quando sustentada em experiências reais e reflexão crítica, pode contribuir significativamente para a construção de uma visão mais informada, justa e comprometida com a dignidade da pessoa idosa.
Neste sentido, foi proposto um projeto de intervenção intitulado “Gerações em Rede”, centrado na aproximação entre os estudantes aos contextos reais de envelhecimento, através de parcerias com entidades comunitárias, nomeadamente a associação ATLAS – People Like Us. O projeto propõe uma intervenção de curta duração, assente em momentos de sensibilização, análise de casos reais e elaboração de propostas práticas, promovendo competências éticas, críticas e técnicas nos futuros profissionais da intervenção social.
Abstract: In light of the marked and growing demographic ageing and the resulting social tensions, it is essential to understand how younger generations perceive the ageing process and the repercussions of such representations on intergenerational relationships. This study is framed as both a pedagogical and socially relevant strategy to deconstruct stereotypes associated with old age and to promote the inclusion of older people. This quantitative study aimed to analyse first-year Social Education students’ perceptions of ageing, their attitudes towards older adults, their level of knowledge about public policies and social support systems, and the value they attribute to the role of the social educator in this field. The sample consisted of 44 individuals, aged between 18 and 25 years. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data collected through a questionnaire. The results reveal regular contact with older people, mainly within the family context, which appears to foster more positive and empathetic representations. Nevertheless, ambivalent perceptions were identified, as well as the persistence of certain stereotypes and, above all, a limited knowledge of existing social support services and public policies. Key areas for intervention included social inclusion, the fight against isolation, the appreciation of life experience, and the reinforcement of older people's autonomy. The study concludes that young people's perceptions of ageing are strongly shaped by personal, cultural, and social factors, and that educational intervention, when grounded in real-life experiences and critical reflection, can significantly contribute to building a more informed, fair, and committed view of the dignity of older adults. In this regard, an intervention project entitled “Gerações em Rede” (“Generations in Network”) was proposed, focusing on connecting students with real-life ageing contexts through partnerships with community organisations, namely the association ATLAS – People Like Us. The project entails a short-term intervention based on awareness-raising activities, analysis of real-life cases, and the development of practical proposals, aiming to foster ethical, critical, and technical competences among future professionals in the field of social intervention.
Abstract: In light of the marked and growing demographic ageing and the resulting social tensions, it is essential to understand how younger generations perceive the ageing process and the repercussions of such representations on intergenerational relationships. This study is framed as both a pedagogical and socially relevant strategy to deconstruct stereotypes associated with old age and to promote the inclusion of older people. This quantitative study aimed to analyse first-year Social Education students’ perceptions of ageing, their attitudes towards older adults, their level of knowledge about public policies and social support systems, and the value they attribute to the role of the social educator in this field. The sample consisted of 44 individuals, aged between 18 and 25 years. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data collected through a questionnaire. The results reveal regular contact with older people, mainly within the family context, which appears to foster more positive and empathetic representations. Nevertheless, ambivalent perceptions were identified, as well as the persistence of certain stereotypes and, above all, a limited knowledge of existing social support services and public policies. Key areas for intervention included social inclusion, the fight against isolation, the appreciation of life experience, and the reinforcement of older people's autonomy. The study concludes that young people's perceptions of ageing are strongly shaped by personal, cultural, and social factors, and that educational intervention, when grounded in real-life experiences and critical reflection, can significantly contribute to building a more informed, fair, and committed view of the dignity of older adults. In this regard, an intervention project entitled “Gerações em Rede” (“Generations in Network”) was proposed, focusing on connecting students with real-life ageing contexts through partnerships with community organisations, namely the association ATLAS – People Like Us. The project entails a short-term intervention based on awareness-raising activities, analysis of real-life cases, and the development of practical proposals, aiming to foster ethical, critical, and technical competences among future professionals in the field of social intervention.
Descrição
Trabalho de Projeto apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Gerontologia Social.
Palavras-chave
Representações sociais do envelhecimento Juventude Adultos mais velhos Intervenção socioeducativa Social representations of ageing Youth Older adults Socio-educational intervention.