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As atividades dramáticas como mediação para o conhecimento do estudo do meio: estudo de uma estratégia no 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico
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Abstract(s)
No âmbito da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada do Mestrado em Educação Pré- Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, desenvolveu-se o presente projeto que pretende estudar qual o papel das atividades dramáticas na apreensão e memorização de conhecimentos relativamente ao Estudo do Meio, no contexto do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB).
Considera-se importante compreender diferentes estratégias que possibilitem aos alunos uma melhor aprendizagem, atendendo a que estes se encontram em estádios de desenvolvimento cognitivo em que é dominante o pensamento concreto e não o pensamento abstrato. Neste sentido, este projeto pretendeu responder à seguinte questão: De que forma as atividades dramáticas ajudam na capacidade de apreensão e memorização de determinado tema do meio físico a ser interiorizado e compreendido? No decorrer do estágio, foram implementadas diversas atividades de expressão dramática, relacionadas com os temas do estudo do meio.
Realizou-se, desta forma, uma investigação-ação de tipo qualitativo, tendo sido efetuada, a partir de algumas categorias previamente definidas, a análise do conteúdo dos dados recolhidos, quer da observação, quer de um questionário/entrevista no início e no final, aos alunos de 2º ano de 1º CEB, bem como à professora titular da turma em questão.
O estudo conclui que, por um lado as atividades dramáticas permitem, ao aluno desenvolver a aprendizagem, interiorização e memorização, valorizando a individualidade de cada um, o seu estilo de aprendizagem e respeitando o seu ritmo, criando mais à vontade na expressão oral. Por outro lado, as atividades dramáticas permitem ao professor balizar e acompanhar de uma outra forma a evolução da aprendizagem da área de Estudo do Meio e a conhecer melhor cada aluno.
A atenção e motivação dos alunos foi notável e nas conceções dos alunos inquiridos e da respetiva professora, as atividades dramáticas são consideradas muito valiosas, contribuindo para a motivação e melhor conhecimento de alguns temas do Estudo do Meio.
In the scope of the Supervised Teaching Practice of the master’s degree in Pre-primary and Primary Education, the present project was developed to study the role of dramatic activities in the apprehension and memorization of knowledge regarding the Study of the Environment, in the context of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education (CEB). It is considered important to understand different strategies that allow students a better learning, given that they are in stages of cognitive development in which concrete thinking is dominant rather than abstract thinking. In this sense, this project sought to answer the following question: How do dramatic activities help in the apprehension and memorization of a certain theme of the physical environment to be internalized and understood? During the internship, several activities of dramatic expression were implemented, related to the themes of the study of the environment. An action research of a qualitative nature was carried out, with the analysis of the content of the data collected, either from observation or from a questionnaire / interview at the beginning and at the end, to the 2nd year students of 1st CEB, as well as to the teacher in charge of the class in question. The study concludes that on the one hand the dramatic activities allow the student to develop learning, internalization and memorization, valuing the individuality of each one, their learning style and respecting their rhythm, creating more at ease in the oral expression. On the other hand, the dramatic activities allow the teacher to mark and follow in a different way the evolution of learning in the area of Middle Study and to know each student better. The attention and motivation of the students was remarkable and in the conceptions of the students interviewed and their teacher, the dramatic activities are considered very valuable, contributing to the motivation and better knowledge of some subjects of the Study of the Environment.
In the scope of the Supervised Teaching Practice of the master’s degree in Pre-primary and Primary Education, the present project was developed to study the role of dramatic activities in the apprehension and memorization of knowledge regarding the Study of the Environment, in the context of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education (CEB). It is considered important to understand different strategies that allow students a better learning, given that they are in stages of cognitive development in which concrete thinking is dominant rather than abstract thinking. In this sense, this project sought to answer the following question: How do dramatic activities help in the apprehension and memorization of a certain theme of the physical environment to be internalized and understood? During the internship, several activities of dramatic expression were implemented, related to the themes of the study of the environment. An action research of a qualitative nature was carried out, with the analysis of the content of the data collected, either from observation or from a questionnaire / interview at the beginning and at the end, to the 2nd year students of 1st CEB, as well as to the teacher in charge of the class in question. The study concludes that on the one hand the dramatic activities allow the student to develop learning, internalization and memorization, valuing the individuality of each one, their learning style and respecting their rhythm, creating more at ease in the oral expression. On the other hand, the dramatic activities allow the teacher to mark and follow in a different way the evolution of learning in the area of Middle Study and to know each student better. The attention and motivation of the students was remarkable and in the conceptions of the students interviewed and their teacher, the dramatic activities are considered very valuable, contributing to the motivation and better knowledge of some subjects of the Study of the Environment.
Description
Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré- Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico.
Keywords
Estratégias pedagógicas Expressão dramática Estudo do meio Prática interdisciplinar Dramatic activities Interdisciplinary practice Pedagogical strategies Study of the environment