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A inovação como impulsionador económico dos países e da competitividade das PME: uma abordagem multinível.
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Abstract(s)
A análise desenvolve-se em três níveis. No nível macroeconómico, avalia-se
o desempenho de Portugal no GII 2023, onde o país ocupa a 30ª posição global. São identificados avanços em áreas como Capital Humano, Instituições e Outputs Criativos, mas também desafios significativos em infraestruturas e sofisticação de mercado, essenciais para a consolidação de um sistema inovador robusto. A dissertação examina comparativamente a posição de Portugal em relação a outros países europeus de desempenho semelhante, destacando as implicações de políticas públicas e iniciativas nacionais para fomentar a inovação.
No nível mesoeconómico, o foco está nas práticas de inovação aberta adotadas pelas PME portuguesas. A investigação evidencia que estas empresas, apesar de enfrentarem limitações financeiras e estruturais, têm integrado estratégias colaborativas, como parcerias com universidades, centros de investigação e outras empresas, para superar desafios. Entre os benefícios, destacam-se o aumento da capacidade de inovação e a intensificação de competências internas, enquanto os principais obstáculos incluem a resistência
cultural, as complexidades na gestão de parcerias e os desafios relacionados à proteção da propriedade intelectual.
Já no nível microeconómico, a Mecalbi é analisada como exemplo prático. A empresa demonstra como a liderança visionária e uma cultura organizacional alinhada à inovação podem impulsionar o desempenho e a competitividade. A investigação combina métodos qualitativos, como entrevistas e análise de artefactos culturais, com métodos quantitativos, incluindo questionários aplicados aos colaboradores e o uso da ferramenta “Innovation Scoring” da COTEC. Este estudo revela que práticas de liderança eficaz, gestão de recursos e desenvolvimento contínuo de competências são determinantes para o sucesso em ambientes de alta competitividade.
A dissertação conclui que, embora Portugal apresente um potencial significativo para se destacar como líder em inovação, ainda enfrenta desafios para implementar práticas consistentes no nível das PME. O caso da Mecalbi evidencia que a adoção de abordagens estratégicas baseadas em colaboração, liderança visionária e cultura inovadora pode transformar limitações em vantagens competitivas.
Por fim, o trabalho apresenta recomendações direcionadas à academia, aos formuladores de políticas públicas e ao setor empresarial, destacando a necessidade de políticas públicas que estimulem a colaboração interinstitucional, maior acesso ao financiamento para inovação e a promoção de competências especializadas, destacando as PME como pilares fundamentais do ecossistema de inovação em Portugal.
Abstract: The analysis unfolds across three levels. At the macroeconomic level, the dissertation evaluates Portugal's performance in the 2023 GII, where the country ranks 30th globally. Progress is identified in areas such as Human Capital, Institutions, and Creative Outputs, but significant challenges remain in infrastructure and market sophistication, which are essential for consolidating a robust innovation system. The dissertation compares Portugal's position with other European countries of similar performance, highlighting the implications of public policies and national initiatives in fostering innovation. At the mesoeconomic level, the focus shifts to the open innovation practices adopted by Portuguese SMEs. The research shows that despite financial and structural constraints, these firms have integrated collaborative strategies, such as partnerships with universities, research centers, and other companies, to overcome challenges. Benefits such as increased innovation capacity and strengthened internal competencies are emphasized, alongside obstacles like cultural resistance, complexities in partnership management, and intellectual property protection. At the microeconomic level, Mecalbi serves as a practical example. The company demonstrates how visionary leadership, and an organizational culture aligned with innovation can drive performance and competitiveness. The research combines qualitative methods, including interviews and cultural artifact analysis, with quantitative methods, such as employee questionnaires and the use of COTEC’s “Innovtion Scoring” tool. The study reveals that effective leadership practices, resource management, and continuous skill development are critical for success in highly competitive environments. The dissertation concludes that while Portugal shows significant potential to emerge as a leader in innovation, it still faces challenges in implementing consistent practices at the SME level. The Mecalbi case highlights that adopting strategic approaches based on collaboration, visionary leadership, and an innovative culture can transform limitations into competitive advantages. Finally, the study provides recommendations for academia, policymakers, and the business sector, emphasizing the need for public policies that encourage interinstitutional collaboration, increased access to innovation funding, and the promotion of specialized skills, positioning SMEs as fundamental pillars of Portugal’s innovation ecosystem.
Abstract: The analysis unfolds across three levels. At the macroeconomic level, the dissertation evaluates Portugal's performance in the 2023 GII, where the country ranks 30th globally. Progress is identified in areas such as Human Capital, Institutions, and Creative Outputs, but significant challenges remain in infrastructure and market sophistication, which are essential for consolidating a robust innovation system. The dissertation compares Portugal's position with other European countries of similar performance, highlighting the implications of public policies and national initiatives in fostering innovation. At the mesoeconomic level, the focus shifts to the open innovation practices adopted by Portuguese SMEs. The research shows that despite financial and structural constraints, these firms have integrated collaborative strategies, such as partnerships with universities, research centers, and other companies, to overcome challenges. Benefits such as increased innovation capacity and strengthened internal competencies are emphasized, alongside obstacles like cultural resistance, complexities in partnership management, and intellectual property protection. At the microeconomic level, Mecalbi serves as a practical example. The company demonstrates how visionary leadership, and an organizational culture aligned with innovation can drive performance and competitiveness. The research combines qualitative methods, including interviews and cultural artifact analysis, with quantitative methods, such as employee questionnaires and the use of COTEC’s “Innovtion Scoring” tool. The study reveals that effective leadership practices, resource management, and continuous skill development are critical for success in highly competitive environments. The dissertation concludes that while Portugal shows significant potential to emerge as a leader in innovation, it still faces challenges in implementing consistent practices at the SME level. The Mecalbi case highlights that adopting strategic approaches based on collaboration, visionary leadership, and an innovative culture can transform limitations into competitive advantages. Finally, the study provides recommendations for academia, policymakers, and the business sector, emphasizing the need for public policies that encourage interinstitutional collaboration, increased access to innovation funding, and the promotion of specialized skills, positioning SMEs as fundamental pillars of Portugal’s innovation ecosystem.
Description
Keywords
Índice Global de Inovação (GII) PME Inovação Inovação Aberta Liderança empreendedora Cultura organizaciona Global Innovation Index (GII) SMEs Innovation Open Innovation Entrepreneurial leadership Organizational culture