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A Intervenção Social Escolar para a promoção da saúde mental de crianças e jovens em acolhimento residencial no concelho do Fundão: desafios e perspetivas de mudança : estudo de caso – Obra de Socorro Familiar Abrigo de São José
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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho de projeto contribuiu para identificar as práticas de intervenção social que a Obra de Socorro Familiar Abrigo de São José, a Escola e a cidade do Fundão implementam para minimizar os impactos causados por distúrbios de saúde mental dos jovens em acolhimento residencial.
Sendo este o objetivo primordial, torna-se importante apresentar aos objetivos específicos, sendo eles conhecer as perspetivas dos profissionais e das crianças e dos profissionais do Abrigo de São José sobre problemas em saúde mental das crianças em acolhimento residencial face às relações desenvolvidas neste contexto de acolhimento e no contexto escolar; identificar as principais dificuldades no tratamento de distúrbios de saúde mental em jovens em acolhimento residencial e conhecer as estratégias desenvolvidas pela Assistente Social do Abrigo de São José para minimizar possíveis impactos do acolhimento residencial ao nível da saúde mental.
Relativamente ao enquadramento teórico-conceptual do presente estudo, este baseou-se numa pesquisa aprofundada de literatura sobre temas como o acolhimento residencial, criança e jovem em cumprimento da medida de proteção de acolhimento residencial, saúde mental e manifestações de doença mental.
Como forma de alcançar todos os objetivos mencionados, a discente optou por avançar com uma metodologia de investigação qualitativa, na modalidade de estudo de caso, apoiando-se num paradigma interpretativo das informações prestadas tanto pela Assistente Social e Psicóloga do Abrigo de São José como, ainda mais importante, pelas crianças e jovens do Abrigo que participaram na investigação.
As técnicas de recolha de dados utilizadas consistiram na observação direta e participativa, com o auxílio das notas de campo, entrevista à Assistente Social e à Psicóloga da Instituição e inquéritos por entrevista às crianças e jovens do Abrigo de São José, ambos com guião semi estruturado.
Após a recolha e análise dos dados utilizando a análise de conteúdo, concluiu-se que as crianças e jovens do Abrigo de São José expressam manifestações ligeiras, moderadas e graves de doença mental, registando-se quer necessidade social quer potencialidades que fundamentaram a apresentação do projeto de intervenção social proposto intitulado de MentalHealth4You(th) que consiste em promover uma Saúde Mental positiva, em contexto institucional, escolar e dentro da comunidade da cidade do Fundão. Com este programa a discente visa chamar a atenção dos jovens para os conceitos de doença mental, ansiedade, depressão, bullying e comportamentos desviantes e, ainda, promover a saúde mental e as bases desta, como a autoestima, o autoconceito, a tolerância e a comunicação assertiva.
Abstract: This project has helped to identify the social intervention practices that the Obra de Socorro Familiar Abrigo de São José, the school and the city of Fundão implement to minimize the impacts caused by mental health disorders among young people in residential care. As this is the main objective, it is important to present the specific objectives, which are to find out the perspectives of the professionals and children and professionals at the Abrigo de São José on the mental health problems of children in residential care in relation to the relationships developed in this context and in the school context; to identify the main difficulties in treating mental health disorders in young people in residential care and to find out the strategies developed by the Social Worker at the Abrigo de São José tominimize the possible impacts of residential care on mental health. With regard to the theoretical-conceptual framework of this study, it was based on an indepth literature search on topics such as residential care, children and young people in compliance with the protective measure of residential care, mental health and manifestations of mental illness. In order to achieve all of the above objectives, the student opted for a qualitative research methodology, in the form of a case study, based on an interpretative paradigm of the information provided both by the Social Worker and Psychologist of the São José Shelter and, even more importantly, by the children and young people of the Shelter who took part in the research. The data collection techniques used consisted of direct and participatory observation, with the help of field notes, interviews with the Social Worker and the Psychologist of the Institution and interview surveys with the children and young people of the Shelter of SãoJosé, both with a semi-structured script. After collecting and analyzing the data using content analysis, it was concluded that the children and young people at the Abrigo de São José express mild, moderate and severe manifestations of mental illness, registering both social need and potential that supported the presentation of the proposed social intervention project entitled MentalHealth4You(th), which consists of promoting positive mental health in an institutional context, at school and within the community of the city of Fundão. With this program, the student aims to draw young people's attention to the concepts of mental illness, anxiety, depression, bullying and deviant behavior, and also to promote mental health and its foundations, such as self-esteem, self-concept, tolerance and assertive communication.
Abstract: This project has helped to identify the social intervention practices that the Obra de Socorro Familiar Abrigo de São José, the school and the city of Fundão implement to minimize the impacts caused by mental health disorders among young people in residential care. As this is the main objective, it is important to present the specific objectives, which are to find out the perspectives of the professionals and children and professionals at the Abrigo de São José on the mental health problems of children in residential care in relation to the relationships developed in this context and in the school context; to identify the main difficulties in treating mental health disorders in young people in residential care and to find out the strategies developed by the Social Worker at the Abrigo de São José tominimize the possible impacts of residential care on mental health. With regard to the theoretical-conceptual framework of this study, it was based on an indepth literature search on topics such as residential care, children and young people in compliance with the protective measure of residential care, mental health and manifestations of mental illness. In order to achieve all of the above objectives, the student opted for a qualitative research methodology, in the form of a case study, based on an interpretative paradigm of the information provided both by the Social Worker and Psychologist of the São José Shelter and, even more importantly, by the children and young people of the Shelter who took part in the research. The data collection techniques used consisted of direct and participatory observation, with the help of field notes, interviews with the Social Worker and the Psychologist of the Institution and interview surveys with the children and young people of the Shelter of SãoJosé, both with a semi-structured script. After collecting and analyzing the data using content analysis, it was concluded that the children and young people at the Abrigo de São José express mild, moderate and severe manifestations of mental illness, registering both social need and potential that supported the presentation of the proposed social intervention project entitled MentalHealth4You(th), which consists of promoting positive mental health in an institutional context, at school and within the community of the city of Fundão. With this program, the student aims to draw young people's attention to the concepts of mental illness, anxiety, depression, bullying and deviant behavior, and also to promote mental health and its foundations, such as self-esteem, self-concept, tolerance and assertive communication.
Description
Trabalho de Projeto apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Intervenção Social Escolar.
Keywords
Acolhimento residencial Saúde mental Crianças Jovens Assistente social Residential care Mental health Children Young people Social worker