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A atenção e o rendimento escolar em educação física : educação física e lazer
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| 5.14 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
As pesquisas sobre o pensamento dos alunos, têm as suas bases na psicologia cognitiva, a qual releva as atitudes, percepções pessoais, crenças e valores como elementos mediadores no processo ensino-aprendizagem, bem como destaca a influência mútua existente entre o comportamento do professor, o comportamento do aluno e os resultados das aprendizagens. O presente estudo tem como objectivo analisar o pensamento dos alunos, isto é saber no que estão a pensar (atenção) os alunos durante as aulas, na disciplina de Educação Física. Foram seleccionados 150 alunos do 7ª, 8ª e 9º anos do Ensino Básico, com idades compreendidas entre 12 e 16 anos. O instrumento utilizado para a recolha de dados foi um questionário no qual os alunos assinalavam em que é que estavam a pensar em determinados momentos da aula de Educação Física (ATEST_EF). A análise e tratamento dos dados recolhidos, foi realizada com recurso à estatística descritiva, para se apreciar e ao teste de Mann- Whitney para efectuar as comparações. A partir dos resultados da aplicação do questionário e da análise dos mesmos, pensamos poder caracterizar os alunos, como pessoas que em relação ao seu pensamento durante as aulas de Educação Física, estão a pensar (atentos) por ordem decrescente de importância, com atenção à tarefa, atenção ao comportamento, atenção á informação, atenção afectiva, atenção á informação e só depois noutras coisas.
Após aplicação das provas estatísticas às distintas hipóteses verificou-se a não existência de diferenças estatisticamente significativas em todas elas, como tal podemos rejeitar a nossa hipótese geral: Existem diferenças significativas nos processos de pensamento (atenção) entre alunos com bom rendimento escolar e alunos com suficiente e fraco rendimento escolar na disciplina de Educação Física.
The researches on the students’ thought have its basis in cognitive psychology, which brings into prominence the attitudes, personal perception, beliefs and values as mediating elements in the teaching/learning process as well as it emphasizes the mutual influence that exists between the teacher’s behaviour, the student’s behaviour and the learning results. The present study has as objective to analyse the students’ thought, that is to say, to know what the students are thinking about (attention) during the Physical Education lessons. One hundred and fifty students from twelve to sixteen years old belonging to the 7th, 8th, 9th form were chosen. The tool used to make the data gathering was a questionnaire in which students had to choose what they were thinking about in some parts of the Physical Education lesson. (ATEST_EF) The analysis and treatment of the gathered data was made by using the descriptive statistics to evaluate and the Mann-Whitney test to make the comparisons. By the results of the appliance of the questionnaire and their analysis, we think that we can characterise the students as people, that according to their thought during Physical Education. lessons, are paying attention, by decreasing order of importance, to the task, to the behaviour, to the information, to the affection, to the out of task and only after that they pay attention to other things. After appliance of the statistical tests to the several hypothesis, the nonexistence of statistically meaningful differences in all of them was noticed. So we can reject our general hypothesis: There are meaningful differences in the thought process (attention) between good students and medium or bad students in Physical Education lesson.
The researches on the students’ thought have its basis in cognitive psychology, which brings into prominence the attitudes, personal perception, beliefs and values as mediating elements in the teaching/learning process as well as it emphasizes the mutual influence that exists between the teacher’s behaviour, the student’s behaviour and the learning results. The present study has as objective to analyse the students’ thought, that is to say, to know what the students are thinking about (attention) during the Physical Education lessons. One hundred and fifty students from twelve to sixteen years old belonging to the 7th, 8th, 9th form were chosen. The tool used to make the data gathering was a questionnaire in which students had to choose what they were thinking about in some parts of the Physical Education lesson. (ATEST_EF) The analysis and treatment of the gathered data was made by using the descriptive statistics to evaluate and the Mann-Whitney test to make the comparisons. By the results of the appliance of the questionnaire and their analysis, we think that we can characterise the students as people, that according to their thought during Physical Education. lessons, are paying attention, by decreasing order of importance, to the task, to the behaviour, to the information, to the affection, to the out of task and only after that they pay attention to other things. After appliance of the statistical tests to the several hypothesis, the nonexistence of statistically meaningful differences in all of them was noticed. So we can reject our general hypothesis: There are meaningful differences in the thought process (attention) between good students and medium or bad students in Physical Education lesson.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada à Universidade do Minho - Instituto de Estudos da Criança.
Keywords
Educação física Pensamento do aluno Rendimento escolar Momentos da aula Physical education Students’ thought School results Parts of the lesson