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Estudo dos parâmetros produtivos de achigãs (Micropterus Salmoides) criados em cativeiro e apoio à implementação de condições adequadas à sua produção
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Abstract(s)
A aquacultura desempenha um papel fundamental no abastecimento de proteína animal de elevada qualidade biológica em todo o mundo. O presente trabalho, realizado na SAVI – Sociedade Agrícola Vale de Inguinhos, aborda os parâmetros produtivos adequados à criação de achigãs (Micropterus Salmoides) em cativeiro (aquacultura) e pretende estabelecer as condições adequadas à sua melhor produção. Os achigãs são bastante valorizados a nível gastronómico sendo uma espécie muito apreciada pelos praticantes de pesca desportiva. Ao longo de 22 semanas, além da realização das operações de maneio associadas à reprodução dos peixes, avaliaram-se todos os indicadores produtivos referentes a um lote de alevins nascidos na SAVI. Para o efeito, uma amostra homogénea de 30 alevins, foi recolhida de 2 em 2 semanas procedendo-se à sua pesagem, medição e determinação do fator K. Parâmetros que podem condicionar o crescimento dos peixes como a densidade de alevins/peixes por tanque, a temperatura, o pH, a quantidade de O2 na água, as quantidades de alimento fornecido aos peixes foram registadas e ajustadas semanalmente de maneira a que ocorressem as condições mais adequadas ao crescimento dos alevins. Concluiu-se que durante o período de habituação ao alimento composto ocorreu uma redução do crescimento e do fator K dos peixes amostrados. No período pós habituação ao alimento composto o peso, o comprimento e o fator K dos peixes aumentou significativamente pelo que se pode concluir que o alimento composto comercial utilizado foi adequado à alimentação de alevins e juvenis da espécie Micropterus salmoides. Confirmou-se que outro fator muito importante e condicionante do crescimento dos peixes foi a temperatura da água. Nos meses em que a temperatura foi mais elevada, os peixes apresentam um consumo de alimento e um crescimento mais elevado. A produção de achigãs parece ser uma opção muito interessante para pisciculturas de águas interiores localizadas em regiões do país onde esta espécie apresenta grande valor comercial.
Abstract : Aquaculture has a fundamental role supplying high biological quality animal protein worldwide. This work, developed at SAVI, approaches the best production parameters fit for Largemouth Bass farming and intends to establish the best conditions for improved production rate. The Largemouth Bass are highly valued gastronomically as well as very much appreciated by the recreational fishing lovers. During 22 weeks, besides all the operations needed regarding the fishes reproduction, it was as well conducted an assessment for all the productive indicators of a fingerling's batch born at SAVI. In order to do it, a sample of 30 fingerlings was collected every two weeks, it was then weighted, measured and determined its K factor. All the parameters able to influence the fingerlings growth: population density, water temperature, water pH value, O2 concentration and food quantity, were registered and adjusted weekly in order to provide the best conditions for fingerlings prosperity. In conclusion, there has been a growth a factor K reduction during the stage where the fishes where introduced and until they got used to the composite food. After this first stage, the weight, length and K factor increased significantly so it was possible to conclude that the composite food used was suitable for fingerlings and juveniles of the species Micropterus salmoides. It was confirmed that another important factor for the fishes growth was the water temperature. During the summer period, when the water had its highest temperature, the fishes presented a bigger food consumption as well as a bigger growth rate. Largemouth Bass farming has a potential for pisciculture in interior waters located where this species is appreciated and has greater commercial value.
Abstract : Aquaculture has a fundamental role supplying high biological quality animal protein worldwide. This work, developed at SAVI, approaches the best production parameters fit for Largemouth Bass farming and intends to establish the best conditions for improved production rate. The Largemouth Bass are highly valued gastronomically as well as very much appreciated by the recreational fishing lovers. During 22 weeks, besides all the operations needed regarding the fishes reproduction, it was as well conducted an assessment for all the productive indicators of a fingerling's batch born at SAVI. In order to do it, a sample of 30 fingerlings was collected every two weeks, it was then weighted, measured and determined its K factor. All the parameters able to influence the fingerlings growth: population density, water temperature, water pH value, O2 concentration and food quantity, were registered and adjusted weekly in order to provide the best conditions for fingerlings prosperity. In conclusion, there has been a growth a factor K reduction during the stage where the fishes where introduced and until they got used to the composite food. After this first stage, the weight, length and K factor increased significantly so it was possible to conclude that the composite food used was suitable for fingerlings and juveniles of the species Micropterus salmoides. It was confirmed that another important factor for the fishes growth was the water temperature. During the summer period, when the water had its highest temperature, the fishes presented a bigger food consumption as well as a bigger growth rate. Largemouth Bass farming has a potential for pisciculture in interior waters located where this species is appreciated and has greater commercial value.
Description
Dissertação apresentado à Escola Superior Agrária do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Zootécnica.
Keywords
Achigã Alevim Alimento composto SAVI Fator K Largemouth Bass Fingerling Food compound