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Transplante de microbiota fecal como tratamento da infeção recorrente por Clostridium difficile
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução A infeção causada por Clostridium difficile tem registado mudanças na sua incidência ao longo dos últimos anos, resultando numa das maiores preocupações a nível global de saúde pública. Tem
grande importância no ramo da medicina devido às altas taxas de recorrência que apresenta, bem como
de mortalidade e morbilidade associadas, tornando-se uma das infeções associadas aos cuidados
de saúde causadora de diarreia mais comuns relacionada com o uso de antibióticos. Objetivo demonstrar as vantagens, segurança e eficácia do transplante de microbiota fecal como alternativa para o tratamento da infeção provocada por Clostridium difficile recorrente. Material e Métodos Para a realização deste trabalho foram analisados artigos publicados entre 2005 e 2019 nas bases de dados PubMed e Scielo, recorrendo à utilização das seguintes combinações de palavras-chave: Clostridium difficile infection, risk factors, recurrent,
diagnose, treatments, fecal microbiota transplantation e prevention. Dados e Discussão O tratamento atualmente utilizado com os antibióticos metronidazol, vancomicina ou fidaxomicina tem revelado falhas em 5 a 35% dos indivíduos, incorrendo em novas recorrências da infeção. O tratamento para esta infeção na sua
forma recorrente aparenta ser reduzido, sendo que o estudo e a pesquisa de novas soluções têm ganho um especial interesse nos últimos anos, como é o caso do transplante de microbiota fecal. Este constitui numa alternativa eficiente consistindo na introdução de microbiota intestinal de um doador saudável num doente alterando e restaurando desta forma a diversidade da flora intestinal. Conclusão Este método tem ganho cada vez mais notoriedade devido à sua taxa de 80 a 100% de sucesso, no entanto a sua utilização permanece limitada com a necessidade de realização de mais estudos de modo a ser indicada como terapia inicial.
Abstract: Introduction The infection caused by Clostridium difficile has registered changes in its incidence over the last few years, resulting in one of the greatest concerns in global public health. It is of great importance in the medical field because of its high recurrence rates, as well as associated mortality and morbidity, making it one of the most common healthcare-associated infections causing diarrhea related to antibiotic use. Objective to demonstrate the advantages, safety and efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of infection caused by recurrent Clostridium difficile. Material and Methods To carry out this work, articles published between 2005 and 2019 in the PubMed and Scielo databases were analyzed, using the following combinations of keywords: Clostridium difficile infection, risk factors, recurrent, diagnosis, treatments, fecal microbiota transplantation and prevention. Data and Discussion Treatment currently used with the antibiotics metronidazole, vancomycin or fidaxomicin has been found to fail in 5 to 35% of individuals, incurring new recurrences of the infection. The treatment for this infection in its recurrent form appears to be reduced, and the study and search for new solutions have gained special interest in recent years, as is the case with fecal microbiota transplantation. This constitutes an efficient alternative consisting in the introduction of intestinal microbiota from a healthy donor to a patient, thus altering and restoring the diversity of the intestinal flora.Conclusion This method has gained more and more notoriety due to its 80 to 100% success rate, however its use remains limited with the need for further studies in order to be indicated as initial therapy.
Abstract: Introduction The infection caused by Clostridium difficile has registered changes in its incidence over the last few years, resulting in one of the greatest concerns in global public health. It is of great importance in the medical field because of its high recurrence rates, as well as associated mortality and morbidity, making it one of the most common healthcare-associated infections causing diarrhea related to antibiotic use. Objective to demonstrate the advantages, safety and efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of infection caused by recurrent Clostridium difficile. Material and Methods To carry out this work, articles published between 2005 and 2019 in the PubMed and Scielo databases were analyzed, using the following combinations of keywords: Clostridium difficile infection, risk factors, recurrent, diagnosis, treatments, fecal microbiota transplantation and prevention. Data and Discussion Treatment currently used with the antibiotics metronidazole, vancomycin or fidaxomicin has been found to fail in 5 to 35% of individuals, incurring new recurrences of the infection. The treatment for this infection in its recurrent form appears to be reduced, and the study and search for new solutions have gained special interest in recent years, as is the case with fecal microbiota transplantation. This constitutes an efficient alternative consisting in the introduction of intestinal microbiota from a healthy donor to a patient, thus altering and restoring the diversity of the intestinal flora.Conclusion This method has gained more and more notoriety due to its 80 to 100% success rate, however its use remains limited with the need for further studies in order to be indicated as initial therapy.
Description
Keywords
Clostridium difficile Infeção Recorrência Tratamento Transplante de microbiota fecal Clostridium difficile Infection Recurrence Treatment Fecal microbiotic transplantation
Citation
SILVA, Paula Cristina ; COELHO, Patrícia ; RODRIGUES, Francisco (2022) - Transplante de microbiota fecal como tratamento da infeção recorrente por Clostridium difficile. HIGEIA: Revista Científica da Escola Superior de Saúde Dr. Lopes Dias. ISSN 2184-5565. Ano IV, vol. 7, n.º1, p.29-41.
Publisher
IPCB. ESALD