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Browsing ESECB - Escola Superior de Educação by Field of Science and Technology (FOS) "Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde"
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- Associação entre a relação 2D:4D e o desempenho desportivo em atletas. Uma revisão sistemática e meta-análisePublication . Bernardino, Vanda; Rebelo, André; Cruz, João; Vaz, Vasco; Santos, João Valente dos; Silva, Manuel J. Coelho; Duarte-Mendes, PedroIntrodução: A identificação de jovens atletas talentosos no desporto de alto rendimento requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar que considere a complexa cominação de características genéticas, psicológicas, físicas, técnicas e táticas, sendo o rácio 2D:4D uma possível ferramenta adicional. Objetivo: Este estudo visa analisar, através de uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise, as relações entre o rácio 2D:4D e várias capacidades físicas em atletas de diferentes idades e níveis competitivos. Metodologia: A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e SPORTDiscus, com os artigos recuperados sendo importados para o software Cadima para otimizar a síntese de evidências e garantir rigor metodológico. A qualidade dos estudos foi avaliada utilizando a lista de “Downs e Black”, e a análise estatística da meta-análise foi efetuada com o modelo de Efeitos Aleatórios para considerar a variabilidade entre os estudos. Resultados: Foram selecionados 67 estudos para a revisão da literatura, e 19 estudos, que avaliaram 3581 rácios 2D:4D, foram incluídos na meta-análise. Os principais resultados revelaram diferenças significativas entre homens e mulheres, com os homens apresentando valores de 2D:4D tipicamente mais baixos. Além disso, os atletas tendem a ter rácios 2D:4D inferiores em comparação com os não-atletas. Conclusões: Foram identificadas associações negativas entre o rácio 2D:4D e a capacidade aeróbia, VO2máx, potência anaeróbia e força muscular, enquanto que as relações com velocidade, capacidade anaeróbia e flexibilidade mostraram-se menos consistentes.
- Behavior change wheel as a tool to promote physical activity in online intervention: a case studyPublication . Couto, Nuno; Morgado, Vitor; Pereira, Tomás; Vitorino, Anabela; Bento, Teresa; Alves, Susana; Cid, Luís; Duarte-Mendes, PedroIntroduction: Physical activity (PA) has significant health benefits. However, one in four adults does not meet the globally recommended levels of PA. Considering that PA behavior is influenced by various factors operating at multiple levels, including personal, social, and environmental factors, a singlesubject behavioral change intervention was developed to promote PA behavior through online sessions. Method: Based on a one-to-one intervention, the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) methodology was used to design an intervention that was developed for 24 weeks, including eight weeks of online sessions and 16 weeks of follow-up. Results: We observed an increase of metabolic equivalent (MET-min/week; baseline = 2,970; eight weeks = 6,440; 24 weeks = 6,744) and daily steps (baseline = 8,372; eight weeks = 10,234; 24 weeks = 12,142), which provides some evidence for the efficacy of online methodologies, especially in the relation one-to-one. Conclusion: The intervention, designed through BCW, had a positive effect in promoting more PA in a subject of our case study and provided evidence that can be used in further interventions that aim to increase PA levels in the population; however, future studies must be conducted to expand the evidence in other domains.
- The effect of smoking on lung function changes during a 16-week combined exercise program in middle-aged workers: a latent growth curve analysisPublication . Silva, Fernanda M.; Ferreira, José P.; Teixeira, Ana M.; Monteiro, Diogo; Duarte-Mendes, Pedro; Silva, Fernanda M.Purpose To investigate the longitudinal changes in lung function of sedentary middle-aged workers over a 16-week combined exercise training program. Methods Thirty-six sedentary workers (53.70 ± 6.92 years old) were randomly allocated to either a combined aerobic and resistance training program (n = 18) or a control group (n = 18). Lung function was evaluated through spirometry using a portable flow spirometer (Spiropalm 6MWT, Cosmed, Italy). Predicted percentages of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and mean forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of exhaled FVC (FEF25–75) were analyzed. Assessments were performed at baseline (M1), after 8-week (M2) and 16-week follow-up (M3). The changes in lung function were analyzed using the Latent Growth Curve Modeling that estimated interindividual and intraindividual growth paths. Results Smoking status revealed a significant effect on lung function growth with significant paths to intercept and slope for all models in both groups. The exercise group participants who are non-smokers revealed higher increases in FVC% (β = .22), FEV1% (β = .08), FEV1/FVC% ratio (β = .19), and FEF25–75% (β = .06) compared to those who are smokers from M1 to M3. The control group revealed a lower growth in lung function from M1 to M3, with a lower slope observed in smokers compared to non-smokers for FVC% (β= − .44), FEV1% (β = −.41), FEV1/FVC% (β = − .98), and FEF25–75% (β = − .52). Conclusion Our findings suggest that a 16-week combined training program is an effective strategy to improve lung function among sedentary workers, with a higher magnitude of improvement for non-smokers compared to smokers.
- Effects of a land and aquatic exercise-based program on pain, mobility and quality of life in patients with chronic low back pain: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trialPublication . Borges, Joana; Monteiro, Diogo; Silva, Fernanda M.; Jacinto, Miguel; Pastilha, Tiago; Duarte-Mendes, PedroBackground Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a disease with significant functional, emotional and social impact. Several interventions are proposed for its management and exercise is one of main, land-based or water-based. This study describes a randomized controlled trial that will analyze the effect of a combined aquatic and land-based exercise program compared to an aquatic-based program on pain, functional incapacity and quality of life in adults with CLBP. Additionally, it will analyze the effects of exercise cessation in the same outcomes. Methods and design A blind randomized controlled trial will be developed with a 1:1 allocation ratio. Around 30 adults with mechanical CLBP will be randomly allocated in two groups. The experimental group (ALG) will complete an aquatic and land-based exercise program and control group (AG) will carry out only an aquatic program, both for 8 weeks. Participants will be assessed with Visual Analogue Scale, Oswestry Disability Index, Short-Form 36, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-13 and Modified-Modified Schober Test, collected at baseline (M0), after 8 weeks (M1) and 4 weeks after the end of the intervention (M2). Discussion This study may provide a relevant contribution to understand the potential effect of a combined land and aquatic exercise program on pain, functional disability, fear of movement, quality of life and lumbar mobility. The results may provide important information for CLBP management.
- Impact of muscle mass and muscle strength on quality of life of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilitiesPublication . Jacinto, Miguel ; Monteiro, Diogo ; Couto, Nuno ; Diz, Susana ; Matos, Rui ; Amaro, Nuno; Antunes, Raul ; Duarte-Mendes, PedroThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between muscle strength and perceived quality of life in individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs). A cross-sectional study was carried out, which involved 37 participants with a mean age of 39.08 years (SD = 0.05), ranging from 20 to 58 years. The participants were assessed on anthropometric and body composition parameters, a 30 s chair stand test and isokinetic dynamometry. Quality of life was assessed using the Portuguese version of the Personal Outcomes Scale. Pearson’s correlation analyses were carried out to examine the associations between strength measures and quality of life. Significant correlations were observed between strength measures and quality of life. In addition, lower limb muscle strength, particularly in flexion (left: r = 0.450; p ≤ 0.001; right: r = 0.504; p ≤ 0.001) and extension (r = 0.328; p = 0.05), showed positive correlations with quality of life. These findings provide preliminary evidence suggesting that muscle mass and strength may serve as potential predictors of quality of life in individuals with IDD.
- Lesões no boxe em Portugal: análise da incidência, mecanismos, fatores de risco e medidas de prevenção de lesõesPublication . SottoMayor, Ricardo; Monteiro, Diogo; Alexandre, Élio; Jacinto, Miguel; Silva, Fernanda M.; Flores, Gonçalo; Travassos, Bruno; Duarte-Mendes, PedroIntrodução: A modalidade do boxe está associada a uma elevada taxa de lesões e traumatismos cranianos graves, onde a cabeça, os ombros, os punhos e as mãos são as regiões do corpo mais afetadas. Objetivos: este estudo teve como objetivos quantificar a incidência de lesões relacionadas com a prática de boxe e a identificação de padrões de lesões e fatores de risco. Além disso, foi analisada a eficácia de medidas preventivas de lesões e as adaptações comportamentais após lesão. Metodologia: Foi utilizado um questionário para a recolha dos dados dividido em três partes: dados pessoais, experiência de treino e exposição e lesões. Resultados: 583 questionários foram analisados. Os resultados mostraram que 76% dos indivíduos eram do sexo masculino, e 70,5% nunca competiram. O sparring foi a técnica que levou a 34,3% das lesões, e a inflamação foi a lesão mais comum (28,1%). Discussão: A literatura demonstra que a incidência de lesão diminuiu no boxe amador nos últimos anos, mantendo-se no profissional. A incidência de lesão é superior no boxe profissional e o sparring é a técnica que leva a um maior número de lesões. Os alongamentos parecem ser o comportamento preventivo mais comum após lesão. Conclusões: Este estudo permite demonstrar que a altura, a frequência de competição, o nível de competição e o treino de força são os fatores mais associadas ao número de lesões nos praticantes de boxe.
- Mental health, overweight, and physical exercise in young portuguese adults : a cross-sectional studyPublication . Gonçalves, Tânia; Monteiro, Diogo; Matos, Rui; Couto, Nuno; Antunes, Raul; Diz, Susana; Amaro, Nuno; Jacinto, Miguel; Duarte-Mendes, PedroAbstract: The aim of this study was to see if there are any associations between mental health, Body Mass Index (BMI), and physical exercise (PE) in young Por tuguese adults. The sample consisted of 414 people aged between 18 and 25 years old. A sociodemographic questionnaire designed for this study and the Mental Health Inventory were used. To analyze the results, the total sample was divided according to the criteria “BMI ≥ 5 kg/m2”; “BMI < 25 kg/m2”; “does not practice PE”; and “practices PE”, and sample groups were formed with these names. It was found that there was an association between the dimensions of the Mental Health Inventory and the average time spent practicing PE in the total sample (r from 0.099 to 0.160) and in individuals with a BMI < 25 kg/m2 (r = 0.154 and 0.169). In individuals with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2, there was an association between the ‘BMI’ and depression variables (r = −0.174). In all groups, associations were found between the variables of age and BMI (r from 0.120 to 0.216). There was also a significant effect of group (non-exercise vs. exercise groups) on the dependent variables, Λ = 0.972, F(5, 408) = 2.329, p = 0.042, η2p = 0.28. This study confirms the association between PE and mental health and suggests that BMI may have an influence on the appearance of depressive symptoms in young Portuguese adults.
- Older men in motion : bodies, masculinities, and redefinition of identityPublication . González-Calvo, Gustavo; García-Monge, Alfonso; Ramalho, André; Hamdi, Faten; Duarte-Mendes, PedroIntroduction: This study explores the intersection of physical exercise, masculinity, and aging in older men, examining how these elements shape identity and bodily experiences. Aging is often framed through deficit-based narratives that emphasize decline; however, this research seeks to reframe aging as a process of adaptation and opportunity. By investigating how physical activity contributes to identity reconstruction, this study aims to provide insights into the broader social and structural factors influencing older men’s engagement in exercise. Methods: The study employs a qualitative research design, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 12 men aged 65–76. A narrative thematic analysis was conducted to examine participants’ experiences, concerns, and expectations regarding physical activity. This approach allowed for an in-depth exploration of how exercise intersects with notions of masculinity and aging, as well as the barriers and facilitators that shape participation in physical activities. Results: The analysis identified three key themes: (1) the transformative role of exercise in fostering emotional well-being and bodily awareness, (2) the renegotiation of traditional masculinity through engagement in non-traditional physical activities, and (3) the social connections cultivated through group-based exercise programs. Additionally, the study highlights social and structural barriers, such as limited access to facilities and economic constraints, which hinder participation in physical activity. Discussion: Findings underscore the significance of physical activity not only for maintaining health but also as a space for identity reconstruction and resistance to conventional narratives of aging. The study suggests that exercise serves as a means of empowerment, allowing older men to navigate aging in ways that challenge societal expectations. Moreover, the identification of structural barriers emphasizes the need for inclusive public health policies and targeted interventions that promote active aging. By reframing aging as a dynamic process of adaptation rather than mere decline, this research contributes to a broader understanding of how older adults experience and engage with physical activity.
- Physiological responses and perceived effort of older women when using different buoyant dumbbells in a water fitness exercise: A pilot studyPublication . Catarina C. Santos; Ana C. Kanitz; Victor Hugo V. Carrijo; Luiz Souza; Carlos Farinha; Mário J. Costa; Santos, CatarinaBackground/Objectives: The use of buoyant equipment in water fitness sessions appears to elicit a more intense physiological response in water exercises. However, it remains unknown whether the shape of the equipment influences these responses. The present study aimed to analyze and compare the physiological responses and perceived effort while older women using different buoyant dumbbells during horizontal adduction/abduction of the upper limbs (HA exercise). Methods: Ten older women (76.1 ± 5.3 years of age) attended two assessment sessions to perform HA exercise at a music cadence of 120 bpm with different buoyant dumbbells (one pair for each session): round hydro and hydro crystal. Mean heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP, respectively), double product (DPr), blood lactate concentration ([La−), and rate of perceived effort (RPE) were assessed according to pre-exercise (rest), warm-up and the HA exercise (five min effort). Results: The mean HR was also analyzed according to the percentage (%) of the predicted maximal theoretical HR (HRmax). Older women reached ~56 and 61% of HRmax using crystal and round dumbbells, respectively. Differences were found in mean HR, [La−], and RPE with the round dumbbell showing greater values than the crystal dumbbell. Although no differences were found in SBP and DBP, DPr was higher when women used the round dumbbells. Conclusions: The shape of buoyant dumbbells seems to define acute responses of older women as the round dumbbell promotes a more intense physiological response and perceived effort when compared to the crystal dumbbell.