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- Portuguese UGM characterisation using cyclic triaxial testsPublication . Luzia, Rosa; Santos, Luís Picado; Neves, José; Gardete, DinisCrushed materials with extensive granulometry – unbound granular materials (UGM) – are often used as unbound granular layers of road pavements, namely as granular sub-base and base. In spite of several studies having already been undertaken, the behaviour of these materials on pavement layers has not been sufficiently characterised, especially due to reasons connected to the heterogeneity of the rock masses from which they come. This has special importance for Portuguese pavement technology and has led to the development of two PhD theses in different schools (University of Coimbra and Technical University of Lisbon) using different approaches but both aiming at the characterisation of the aptitude of the same types of material (crushed limestone) being used as UGM. In addition, in the same terms, one of the theses has also characterised a crushed granite material. Basically, both theses included laboratory testing using cyclic triaxial tests and in situ mechanical characterisation to establish behaviour models for the crushed materials investigated. This paper describes the main results obtained from both theses and discusses the results on an integrated basis, pointing out the main indications that can be extracted from both in terms of the use of UGM on Portuguese pavement technology.
- Mechanical behaviour of portuguese UGMPublication . Luzia, Rosa; Santos, Luís PicadoThe crushed materials of extensive granulometry (UGM) are often used as unbound granular layers of road pavements, namely as granular sub-base and base. The behaviour of these materials on pavement layers, in spite of several studies already performed on this matter, is not enough characterized, especially due to reasons connected to the heterogeneity of the rock masses from which they come from. This has special importance for Portuguese pavement technology. In the attempt of contributing for a better knowledge of that behaviour, a work was developed having the aim of obtain the mechanical characterization and the establishment of behaviour models for crushed materials coming from different lithologies, namely limestone and granite, susceptible of being used as UGM. This paper describes the principal results obtained from the work and pointing out the main directives that can be extracted from it, in terms of the global behaviour of a road pavement.
- Mechanical behaviour of UGM for portuguese conditionsPublication . Luzia, Rosa; Santos, Luís PicadoCoarse aggregate is widely used in the unbound granular layers (UGM) of roads, in particular as granular sub-base and base. However, although various studies have been conducted on these materials, their mechanical behaviour has not been yet properly characterized, in Portuguese conditions. This has special importance for Portuguese pavement technology. In the attempt of contributing for a better knowledge of that behaviour, an experimental work was undertaken to access the structural performance and to establish behaviour models for crushed materials coming from different lithologies, namely limestone and granite, susceptible of being used as UGM. This paper describes the principal results obtained from this work pointing out the main directions that can be extracted from it, in terms of the global behaviour of a road pavement.
- Characterization of road pavements' granular layers by the use of cyclic tri-axial testsPublication . Santos, Luís Picado; Luzia, RosaThe crushed materials of extended grading are highly applicable in the unbounded granular layers of road pavements, namely in granular subbase and base. The behavior of those materials in layers of pavements, in spite of some studies already developed on that matter, is not yet characterized enough, especially for reasons of heterogeneity of the rock masses from which they come. In the attempt to contribute to a better knowledge of that behaviour a work is being developed, which main objective is the mechanical characterization and the elaboration of typical models of behaviour for crushed materials of several lithologies, susceptible of being used on that kind of layers. This communication describes the results obtained until now, for one of those materials, the limestone. Essentially, the paper gives the geotechnical characterization of the material and makes it possible to evaluate which is the range of variation of the resilient modulus obtained in cyclic tri-axial tests.
- The use of cyclic triaxial tests in the characterization of portuguese UGMPublication . Luzia, Rosa; Santos, Luís Picado; Silva, HugoCoarse aggregate is widely used in the unbound granular layers (UGM) of roads, in particular as granular sub-base and base. However, although various studies have been conducted on these materials, their mechanical behaviour still has not been properly characterized, in Portuguese conditions, especially due to reasons connected to the heterogeneity of the rock masses from which they come from. This has special importance for Portuguese pavement technology. In the attempt of contributing for a better knowledge of that behaviour, a work was developed having the aim of obtain the mechanical characterization and the establishment of behaviour models for crushed materials coming from different lithologies, namely limestone and granite, susceptible of being used as UGM. This paper describes the principal results obtained from the work and pointing out the main directives that can be extracted from it, in terms of the global behaviour of a road pavement.
- Mechanical behaviour of two crushed materials used in portuguese UGLPublication . Luzia, Rosa; Santos, Luís Picado; Pereira, PauloThe crushed materials of extensive granulometry (UGM) are often used as unbound granular layers of road pavements, namely as granular sub-base and base. The behaviour of these materials on pavement layers is not sufficiently characterized, in spite of several studies already performed on this matter, due to reasons connected to the heterogeneity of the rock masses from which they come from. This has special importance for the Portuguese pavement technology. In the attempt of contributing for a better knowledge of that behaviour, a work was developed with the objective of obtaining the mechanical characterization and the establishment of behaviour models for crushed materials coming from different lithologies, namely limestone and granite, susceptible of being used as UGM. This paper describes the principal results obtained from this work and points out the main directives that can be extracted from it, in terms of the global behaviour of a road pavement.
- Behaviour models for UGM using cyclic tri-axial testsPublication . Luzia, Rosa; Santos, Luís PicadoThe behaviour of unbound granular materials (UGM) on pavement granular layers, in spite of several studies already performed on this matter, is not enough characterized, especially under Portuguese conditions due to reasons connected to the heterogeneity of the rock masses from which they come from. In the attempt of contributing for a better knowledge of that behaviour, a research programme is currently underway with the main objective being the mechanical characterization and the establishment of behaviour models for two types of crushed materials i.e. granite and limestone, susceptible of being used as unbound base and sub-base of Portuguese road pavements. This paper describes the results found to date showing the differences and the meeting points with some previous studies on similar materials conducted with other approaches and pointing out the main directives that can be extracted in terms the global behaviour of pavements.
- Study of the unbound crushed materials behaviour in road pavementsPublication . Luzia, Rosa; Santos, Luís PicadoThe crushed materials of extended grading are highly applicable in the unbounded granular layers of road pavements, namely in granular subbase and base. The behaviour of those materials in layers of pavements, in spite of some studies already developed on that matter, is not yet characterized enough, especially for reasons of heterogeneity of the rock masses from which they come. In the attempt to contribute to a better knowledge of that behaviour a work is being developed, which main objective is the mechanical characterization and the elaboration of typical models of behaviour for crushed materials of several lithologies, susceptible of being used on that kind of layers. This communication describes the results obtained until now, only for one of the types of studied material, the limestone. Essentially, the paper gives the geotechnical characterization of the material and makes it possible to evaluate which is the range of variation of the resilient modulus obtained in cyclic tri-axial tests. Finally, is displayed the summary of the work that is still expect to be develop.