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A aprendizagem da música em fase de iniciação e o prosseguimento dos estudos na prática instrumental : um estudo exploratório
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Abstract(s)
O presente relatório de estágio foi desenvolvido no âmbito das unidades curriculares de Prática de Ensino Supervisionada e Projeto de Ensino Artístico, do 2º ano de Mestrado em Ensino da Música, da Escola Superior de Artes Aplicadas do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco e encontra-se dividido em duas partes. A primeira parte diz respeito à descrição e reflexão crítica da prática de ensino supervisionada, realizada na Escola Artística do Conservatório de Música Calouste Gulbenkian de Braga e integra: a contextualização escolar e do meio envolvente; a organização, missão, visão e valores, os princípios orientadores bem como projeto educativo do mesmo; a caracterização dos alunos envolvidos na prática de ensino supervisionada, a planificação anual, algumas planificações e reflexões de aulas realizadas, terminando com uma reflexão pessoal sobre toda a prática pedagógica realizada ao longo do ano letivo.
A segunda parte, é referente ao projeto de investigação que tem como objetivos centrais a análise da relação da aprendizagem de um instrumento na fase de iniciação com o prosseguimento dos estudos desse instrumento e se aprendizagem de um instrumento, em idade precoce, promove o desenvolvimento de outras competências.
Neste sentido, procurou-se fazer uma revisão da literatura neste âmbito, principalmente a nível da iniciação musical/instrumental e das vantagens que ela proporciona ao nível do desenvolvimento integral da criança e à prossecução dos estudos. Por forma a realizar a investigação, construí dois instrumentos de recolha de dados, o inquérito por questionário para alunos e pais/encarregados de educação, e o inquérito por entrevista para professores. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa é de natureza mista, suportada na análise de dados quantitativos e qualitativos, no sentido em que a investigação é aplicada a um variado número de alunos de instrumentos como: violino, piano, percussão, violeta, guitarra, trombone, contrabaixo, clarinete e flauta transversal. Estes discentes pertencem a três graus de ensino diferentes, tais como: iniciação musical/elementar, ensino básico (1º ao 5º grau) e ensino secundário (6º ao 8º grau).
A análise dos resultados evidencia que a iniciação musical é bastante importante na educação infantil, uma vez que esta tem um impacto positivo no desenvolvimento das crianças, tanto a nível pessoal como instrumental e que influencia o prosseguimento dos estudos na vertente instrumental.
Abstract : This internship report was developed in the scope of the curricular units of Supervised Teaching Practice and Artistic Teaching Project of the 2nd year of the Master Degree in Music Teaching, Escola Superior de Artes Aplicadas do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco and it is divided in two parts. The first part concerns the description and critical reflection of the practice of supervised teaching, held in the Artistic School of Music Conservatory Calouste Gulbenkian de Braga and includes: the school contextualization and the surrounding environment, organization, mission, vision and values, guiding principles and educational project of the same; the characterization of the students involved in the practice of supervised teaching, the annual planning, some planning and reflections of lessons, ending with a personal reflection on all the pedagogical practice carried out throughout the school year. The second part refers to the research project that has as main objectives the analysis of the relationship of learning an instrument in the initiation phase with the continuation of the studies of this instrument and if learning an instrument at an early age promotes the development of other skills. In this sense, a literature review was carried out in this area, mainly regarding musical/instrumental initiation and the advantages it provides in terms of the child's integral development and the pursuit of studies. In order to carry out the research, I built two instruments of data collection, the questionnaire survey for students and parents/guardians, and the interview survey for teachers. The methodology used in the research is of mixed nature, supported by the analysis of quantitative and qualitative data, in the sense that the research is applied to a varied number of students of instruments such as: violin, piano, percussion, viola, guitar, trombone, double bass, clarinet and transverse flute. These students belong to three different education levels, such as: musical initiation/elementary, basic education (1st to 5th grade) and secondary education (6th to 8th grade). The analysis of the results shows that musical initiation is quite important in early childhood education, as it has a positive impact on children's development, both at a personal and instrumental level and influences the continuation of studies in the instrumental aspect.
Abstract : This internship report was developed in the scope of the curricular units of Supervised Teaching Practice and Artistic Teaching Project of the 2nd year of the Master Degree in Music Teaching, Escola Superior de Artes Aplicadas do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco and it is divided in two parts. The first part concerns the description and critical reflection of the practice of supervised teaching, held in the Artistic School of Music Conservatory Calouste Gulbenkian de Braga and includes: the school contextualization and the surrounding environment, organization, mission, vision and values, guiding principles and educational project of the same; the characterization of the students involved in the practice of supervised teaching, the annual planning, some planning and reflections of lessons, ending with a personal reflection on all the pedagogical practice carried out throughout the school year. The second part refers to the research project that has as main objectives the analysis of the relationship of learning an instrument in the initiation phase with the continuation of the studies of this instrument and if learning an instrument at an early age promotes the development of other skills. In this sense, a literature review was carried out in this area, mainly regarding musical/instrumental initiation and the advantages it provides in terms of the child's integral development and the pursuit of studies. In order to carry out the research, I built two instruments of data collection, the questionnaire survey for students and parents/guardians, and the interview survey for teachers. The methodology used in the research is of mixed nature, supported by the analysis of quantitative and qualitative data, in the sense that the research is applied to a varied number of students of instruments such as: violin, piano, percussion, viola, guitar, trombone, double bass, clarinet and transverse flute. These students belong to three different education levels, such as: musical initiation/elementary, basic education (1st to 5th grade) and secondary education (6th to 8th grade). The analysis of the results shows that musical initiation is quite important in early childhood education, as it has a positive impact on children's development, both at a personal and instrumental level and influences the continuation of studies in the instrumental aspect.
Description
Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Artes Aplicadas do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ensino de Música – Instrumento e Música de Conjunto.
Keywords
Iniciação musical Iniciação instrumental Desenvolvimentos Cognição Jean Piaget Musical initiation Instrumental initiation Developments Cognition