ESALD - Artigos em revistas com arbitragem científica
URI permanente para esta coleção:
Navegar
Percorrer ESALD - Artigos em revistas com arbitragem científica por Domínios Científicos e Tecnológicos (FOS) "Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde"
A mostrar 1 - 3 de 3
Resultados por página
Opções de ordenação
- Early cardiovascular risk indicators in school-aged children from inland Portugal: Elevated blood pressure at screening and the coexistence of underweight and excess weightPublication . Coelho, Patricia; Figueiredo, Ana; Mateus, Sónia; Furtado, Guilherme Eustáquio; Rodrigues, FranciscoBackground: Cardiovascular risk factors may emerge early in life and track into adulthood. Local data from inland and socioeconomically vulnerable regions remain limited. This study aimed to describe cardiovascular risk indicators in school-aged children from inland Portugal, focusing on body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), and physical activity patterns. Methods: A cross-sectional school-based screening study was conducted in 101 children and adolescents aged 10–15 years. Anthropometric measurements and BP were obtained using standardized procedures. BMI categories were classified according to age- and sex-specific WHO references. BP was classified using European pediatric percentiles. Because measurements were obtained during a single visit, results were interpreted as elevated BP at screening. Associations between variables were explored using chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests and Spearman’s correlation. Results: The prevalence of underweight, normal weight, and overweight/obesity was 25.7%, 67.3%, and 6.9%, respectively. Overall, 24.8% of participants presented elevated BP at screening. The BMI category was significantly associated with BP classification (p = 0.003), and BMI correlated positively with systolic BP (ρ = 0.32; p = 0.001). Most children reported only school-based physical education. Conclusions: This school-based screening suggests a high proportion of elevated BP measurements and an unexpectedly high prevalence of underweight children, indicating the coexistence of different nutritional vulnerabilities. Findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the small, single-school sample and single-occasion BP assessment but support the importance of early cardiovascular risk monitoring in vulnerable settings.
- The effects of terrestrial and aquatic activities on foot health: A comparative analysis of podiatric disordersPublication . Pérez Pico, Ana María; Villar Rodríguez, Julia; Belo, João; Cáceres-Madrid, María Victoria; Fontán-Jiménez, Marina; Mayordomo, RaquelBackground/Objectives: This study explores the prevalence of podiatric disorders in relation to factors such as gender, age, and the type of sports activity. Understanding these elements is crucial for implementing effective prevention strategies. Methods: The sample consisted of 70 participants, aged 12 to 30, with 71.4% youths and 28.6% adults, including 50 Portuguese and 20 Spanish individuals, who practiced either terrestrial or aquatic sports at varying training intensities. Statistical analyses were performed on data collected from athletes using chi-square tests and proportion tests. Variables such as exercise intensity and sport type (terrestrial vs. aquatic) were examined. Results: Skin disorders were more frequent in men (70.2%) compared to women (29.8%). Regarding age, 70% of individuals aged 19 to 30 years presented dermatoses, compared to 36% in the 12 to 18-year-old group. Exercise intensity also had an impact: 53.8% of athletes engaging in moderate activity exhibited keratoses, compared to 30.8% of those practicing intense activity. Additionally, athletes in terrestrial sports showed an average of 5.2 podiatric disorders, significantly higher than the 3.2 average in aquatic sports. Specifically, terrestrial athletes have a higher prevalence of pinch callus (84.6%) and hyperkeratosis on metatarsal heads (85.7%), while aquatic athletes have more onychomycosis (91.7%) and less hyperkeratosis. A higher prevalence of rotated toes (61.4%) and subungual hematoma (90.9%) was also observed in terrestrial athletes. Conclusions: The prevalence of podiatric disorders is significantly related to gender, age, and the type of physical activity. Men and Young adults are more prone to dermatoses, while athletes engaging in moderate intensity activity and those athletes in terrestrial sport face a higher risk of podiatric issues. These findings highlight the need for prevention and treatment strategies in relation to the specific characteristics of each group.
- Impact of cognitive distraction on driving performance and safety in older adults: A cluster analysis of age, gender, and functional mobilityPublication . Ayama, Sérgio; Greve, Júlia Maria D'Andréa; Silva, Vanderlei Carneiro da; Canonica, Alexandra Carolina; Lino, Matheus Henrique dos Santos; Guiotto, Alisson de Lima; Davis, Catherine L.; Soares, André Luiz de Seixas; Rodrigues, Francisco; Furtado, Guilherme Eustáquio; Brech, Guilherme Carlos; Castilho Alonso, AngelicaAny activity that diverts a driver's attention during vehicle operation may compromise driving performance and road safety. This study aimed to analyze the effect of conversational distraction on driving performance, examine the association of age and gender with braking time, and identify driver profiles potentially associated with increased traffic vulnerability. A total of 101 drivers participated: 51 older adults (mean age: 69.5 ± 5.9 years) and 50 younger adults (mean age: 33.4 ± 8.8 years). Driving performance was assessed using a simulator, with braking time and driving speed as primary outcomes. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and mobility and balance were assessed using the Timed-Up and Go Test (TUGT), both with and without a cognitive task. Older adults exhibited significantly longer braking times compared to younger adults (p = 0.046). However, they also demonstrated lower driving speeds, both with distraction (p = 0.01) and without distraction (p = 0.003). Conversation did not increase braking time but reduced speed in older adults (p = 0.01), suggesting a compensatory driving strategy. Women, regardless of age group, showed significantly longer braking times both with (p < 0.001) and without distraction (p = 0.03). Cluster analysis identified two groups: Cluster 1 (n = 64, 63%) and Cluster 2 (n = 37, 37%). Cluster 2, characterized by a higher proportion of older adults, lower education levels, slower TUGT performance, longer braking times, and reduced driving speeds, accounted for 24.7% of the variance explained by the multivariate clustering solution. Age and female sex were associated with longer braking times. Although conversation did not increase braking time, it reduced speed among older adults, suggesting a compensatory strategy. Drivers who were older, less educated, and presented reduced functional mobility exhibited a performance profile associated with increased vulnerability in traffic contexts.