ESALD - Artigos em revistas com arbitragem científica
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- Adaptação cultural e validação da versão portuguesa do Living with Asthma Questionnaire (LWAQ)Publication . Gonçalves, Rui Soles; Cavalheiro, Luís; Gil, João; Rodrigues, Abel; Coutinho, António; Henriques, Gonçalo; Ferreira, PedroObjetivo: Traduzir e adaptar culturalmente o Living with Asthma Questionnaire (LWAQ) para a língua Portuguesa e testar a sua fiabilidade e validade. Métodos: A versão Portuguesa desta medida de qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde, específica de doença, foi obtida através de traduções e retroversões, painéis de consenso e pré-teste. A versão Portuguesa dos questionários LWAQ e Medical Outcomes Study - 36 item Short Form (SF-36), e um formulário das características dos doentes foram administrados a 61 asmáticos. Resultados: A fiabilidade das pontuações do LWAQ foi considerada boa com coeficientes alfa de Cronbach a variarem entre 0.70 e 0.97 [com exceção do constructo “preocupações” (0.62), e dos domínios “sono” (0.67) e “efeitos nos outros” (0.47)] e coeficientes de correlação intraclasse entre 0.86 e 0.99. A validade de construção foi suportada pela confirmação de hipóteses pré-definidas envolvendo as correlações esperadas entre os constructos, domínio e pontuação total do LWAQ, e as dimensões do SF-36 com conceitos semelhantes. Conclusão: A versão Portuguesa do LWAQ apresentou características psicométricas adequadas em termos de coerência interna, reprodutibilidade e validade de construção.
- Adaptation and continuous learning: integrative review of coping strategies of palliative care professionalsPublication . Sapeta, Paula; Centeno, Carlos; Belar, Alazne; Arantzamendi, MaríaBackground: Coping is essential to manage palliative care professionals’ challenges. The focus has been on the effects of coping mechanism; however, little is known about coping itself in palliative care. Aim: To synthesise evidence of coping strategies in palliative care professionals, and how different strategies play roles over time. Design: Systematically conducted integrative review.Data sources: PubMed; CINAHL; Medline; PsycINFO and B-ON were searched (1996–2021) combining ‘coping’ AND ‘palliative care’. A predefined data extraction sheet was developed to report data. Two researchers performed constant comparative analysis using Nvivo®. Results: Thirty-one studies were included. Four main strategies with recurrent reference to time were found: (a) proactive coping, involving activities to achieve self-confidence and control situations and emotions; (b) self-care based coping, including self-protection and self-awareness activities, with behavioural disconnection; (c) self-transformation coping, involving activities to accept limits; and (d) encountering deep professional meaning, is a coping mechanism based on meaning, frequently considering the deepest meaning of work. The dynamic and influencing factors were training, team interaction, professional motivation and family. They were usually protective factors, though sometimes they represented risk factors. The emotional burden associated with healthcare and systemic stressors were always risk factors. An explanatory model describes a complex and dynamic process, in which everyday strategies and more introspective strategies are combined. Conclusions: The model showed a process of adaptation and learning to persevere in palliative care. It changes over time under factors and strategies, and evolves in a personal and professional transformation, parallel to the working life. It would be worth assessing coping in healthcare professionals who chose to leave palliative care and to investigate the reasons they did so and their coping mechanisms.
- Alimentação entérica na pessoa com demência: efeitos, indicações e benefíciosPublication . Alves, Daniela; Sapeta, PaulaObjetivo: Esta revisão sistemática da literatura pretende esclarecer as indicações do uso da alimentação entérica na pessoa com demência. As dificuldades na alimentação da pessoa com demência podem surgir em qualquer fase da doença, manifestando-se por desnutri- ção, perda de peso, decréscimo da qualidade de vida, entre outras. A alimentação entérica por sonda pode ser uma das opções para minorar o seu efeito, onde ainda se discute os seus benefícios. Métodos: Foram incluídos 8 estudos de natureza qualitativa: 5 artigos de fonte primária, 3 artigos de revisão sistemática da literatura, publicados no horizonte temporal de 2008 a 2013. Resultados: A alimentação entérica por sonda na pessoa com demência pode ter efeitos na sobrevivência/taxa de mortalidade (sem evidência de benefício), estado nutricional (sem melhorias), estado funcional e cognitivo (sem melhorias), aspiração (não reduz o risco de aspiração), úlceras de pressão (sem evidência de benefício na incidência e na evolução das úlceras), qualidade de vida (sem dados concretos na maioria dos estudos). Conclusões: A evidência que a alimentação por sonda nas pessoas com demência proporciona benefícios não foi conclusivo, podendo até ter o efeito oposto. Faltam ainda dados sobre os efeitos adversos destas intervenções.
- An integrated model of education and formation to healthcare professionalsPublication . Pinheira, VítorEducation and training in the health professions benefit from methodological models linking professional practice and the training of students. The aim of this study is to describe a model of teaching and care physiotherapy integrated in a physiotherapist’s educational institution, understand student’s perspective involved in this training model, using a SWOT analysis. Students identify as Strengths a number of items that can be categorized as some of the key descriptors for the construction of professional identity.
- Analytical quality specifications in the clinical laboratory: limiting analytical error with allowable error limits.Publication . Freitas, FranciscoA função dos laboratórios clínicos é fornecer informações para decisões médicas no tratamento de doentes. Essa informação deve ser tão correta quanto possível, e o erro associado limitado a valores aceitáveis tendo em conta o uso médico pretendido. O estabelecimento de limites de erro ou especificações de qualidade analítica baseia-se na hierarquia de consenso definida em Estocolmo (1999). Os laboratórios devem ter como meta a definição de especificações a partir de modelos mais elevados na hierarquia, sempre que existam dados disponíveis, e o desempenho atual dos métodos o permita. A qualidade dos processos de medição pode ser avaliada através da métrica Sigma.
- Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities of agrimonia eupatoria L. InfusionPublication . Santos, Telmo N.; Costa, Gustavo; Ferreira, J. Pinto; Liberal, Joana; Francisco, Vera; Paranhos, António; Cruz, Maria Teresa; Castel-Branco, Margarida; Figueiredo, I. Vitória; Batista, Maria TeresaAgrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria L.) (Ae) is used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory and oxidative related diseases. Therefore, this study focuses on the anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of Ae infusion (AeI). Phenolic compounds characterization was achieved by HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS (n) . To evaluate antioxidant potential, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and SNAP assays were used. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of AeI was investigated in LPS-stimulated macrophages by measuring the NO production. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity was validated using the mouse carrageenan-induced paw edema model. Peripheral and central analgesic potential was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced writhing and hot-plate tests, respectively, as well as the formalin assay to assess both activities. The safety profile was disclosed in vitro and in vivo, using MTT and hematoxylin assays, respectively. Vitexin, quercetin O-galloyl-hexoside, and kaempferol O-acetyl-hexosyl-rhamnoside were referred to in this species for the first time. AeI and mainly AePF (Ae polyphenolic fraction) showed a significant antiradical activity against all tested radicals. Both AeI and AePF decreased NO levels in vitro, AePF being more active than AeI. In vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities were verified for both samples at concentrations devoid of toxicity. Agrimony infusion and, mainly, AePF are potential sources of antiradical and anti-inflammatory polyphenols.
- Apnea-hypopnea index and carotid atheromatosisPublication . Mateus, Sónia; Cavaco, Mariana; Rocha, Daniela; Carvalho, Lucinda; Coelho, Patricia; Rodrigues, Francisco; Pires, JoanaObjective: Verify the relationship between degrees severity of the apnea-hypopnea index and carotid atheromatous disease; identify risk factors in individuals with pathological apnea-hypopnea index and carotid atheromatous disease. Design and method: Observational, longitudinal, retrospective and quantitative study of a non-probabilistic convenience sample consisting of 67 adult individuals with diagnosed sleep apnea, submitted to a polysomnographic study and cervical triplex scan, in two years in a district hospital. Results: In a sample of 67 individuals, 37 male and 30 female, aged between 35 and 82 years, with an average age of 61.90 ± 12.594 years. In the degrees severity of the apnea-hypopnea index, it was observed that 14 individuals had mild degree (20.9%), 23 moderate degree (34.3%) and 30 severe degree (44.8%). One-fifth of the sample (n = 20, 29.9%) had intima-media thickening (>1mm). In the relationship between the intima-media index and the degrees of severity of the apnea-hypopnea index, it was found that of the 20 individuals (29.9%) with thickening, more than half (n = 11, 16.4%) had an severe apnea index - hypopnea. With moderate degree, 6 individuals (9.0%) and mild degree 3 individuals (4.5%) (p = 0.523). In cervical triplex scan results, 39 individuals (58.2%) had carotid atheromatosis without hemodynamic repercussions, 2 (3%) had severe stenosis and 1 (1.5%) had pre-occlusive stenosis. From the total number of individuals with atheromatous disease, 25 (37.3%) had a severe apnea - hypopnea index, 17 (25.4%) had a moderate apnea - hypopnea index and 4 (6.0%) had apnea - hypopnea index mild (p = 0.029). The most frequent risk factor in the 46 individuals with the two pathologies under study were arterial hypertension (n = 36, 53.7%), dyslipidemia (n = 26, 38.8%) and diabetes mellitus (n = 20, 29.8%).Conclusions: Individuals with moderate and severe degrees of the apnea-hypopnea index have a significant relationship with the phases of more advanced atheromatous disease, however, there is an increase in the frequency of more severe degrees of the apnea-hypopnea index in individuals with atheromatous disease in the early stages. The most prevalent risk factors in individuals with sleep apnea and carotid atheromatous pathology are male gender, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus.
- Apparent dominance of the G1-G3 genetic cluster of echinococcus granulosus strains in the central inland region of PortugalPublication . Beato, Sílvia; Parreira, Ricardo; Calado, Manuela; Grácio, Maria AméliaInfection by the larval stage of the cestode Echinococcus granulosus causes a disease known as cystic echinococcosis or hydatidosis, which is one of the most widespread zoonotic infections of veterinary and medical importance. Numerous studies have shown that E. granulosus exists as a complex of strains differing in a wide variety of criteria. Ten distinct genotypes (G1-G10) have been identified with potential impact on the pathology, epidemiology and the effect of the measures implemented for the control of hydatidosis. Our main objective was to carry out a preliminary analysis of the genotypes of E. granulosus circulating in the central inland region of Portugal. Parasite samples (hydatid cysts, n=27) were isolated from the liver and lung of sheep and cattle. The DNA extracted from protoscoleces isolated from the fertile cysts served a template for the PCR amplification of part of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 (atp6) as well as the large (rrnL/16S) and small (rrnS/12S) ribosomal RNA genes. Similarity searches with homologous sequences in the databanks indicated very high similarity with references assigned to the G1, G3 and/or G1-G3 complex of Echinococcus strains. Phylogenetic analysis (Bayesian approach) supported these observations, and confirmed the assignment of all the analyzed sequences to the G1-G3 genetic cluster.
- Are students and teachers ready for Bologna? A pedagogical project in a tourism coursePublication . Ferreira, Ana Vaz; Ramos, George; Cruchinho, Alexandra; Delgado, F.M.G.; Pereira, Paula; Sapeta, Paula; Afonso, PauloThe implementation of the Bologna process in higher education leads to rethinking the teaching-learning assumptions. Higher education today is focused on curricula, teaching-learning processes, subjects and course programmes attending to European credits system, teachers’ qualification and training, academic success and scholar results, performance standards, assessment of institutions, assessment of skills (and not merely knowledge). In 2010 a project (Construction of Learning | ConstAp) was developed in the Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Portugal. The main goal was to motivate the adoption of changes concerning classroom methodologies and students’ autonomous workload guidance in the scope of the Bologna process implementation. This paper presents a proposal of pedagogical intervention to deal with the mentioned objectives, a project applied in a specific tourism course. The paper presents the first results collected regarding the project’s implementation and seeks to impart a methodology that can be applied to similar courses.
- Are the cross-culturally adapted versions of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia 11-item valid, reliable, and responsive? A COSMIN-informed systematic review of measurement propertiesPublication . Alpalhão, Vanessa; Vaz, João R.; Cordeiro, Nuno; Correia, Pedro de PezaratNumerous cultural adaptations of the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia 11-item version (TSK-11) scale have emerged since the original version was introduced. We conducted a (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments) COSMIN-informed systematic review of measurement properties to identify the cross-cultural adaptation of the TSK-11 and report, critically appraise, and systematize its measurement properties. Six databases were searched for studies published since 2005. Studies reporting on the measurement properties of culturally adapted versions of the TSK-11, published in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, were considered for inclusion. The results were synthesized by measurement properties and rated against the COSMIN criteria for good measurement properties. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach and presented in a summary of findings table. Twenty-three studies were included, and cultural adaptations for 15 languages were identified: English, Chinese, Cantonese, Swedish, German, Dutch, Arabic, Turkish, Danish, Spanish, Japanese, Brazilian Portuguese, Marathi, Thai, and Persian. There is “high” certainty in the evidence for “sufficient” criterion validity (TSK-17, r = .84) and “insufficient” measurement error (small detectable change range 5.6–6.16). “Moderate” certainty in the evidence for “sufficient” construct validity (87.8% of hypotheses confirmed), test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient2,1 = .747–.87), and “low” certainty in evidence for “sufficient” responsiveness. The numerous sources of heterogeneity prevent conclusions from being drawn regarding structural validity. Measurement error, responsiveness, and structural validity of the TSK-11 require further investigation. Clinicians should complement the use of TSK-11 with other instruments. Future studies on the structural validity of the questionnaire should standardize the data analysis methods.