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- Exploring entrepreneurial ecosystemsPublication . Lopes, João; Farinha, Luís; Ferreira, João J.Entrepreneurial ecosystems are now central to the economic policies of nations, with particular relevance in Europe. This chapter intends to explore the evolution of the studies on innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems in order to identify gaps and new perspectives of research that can serve as a reflection to universities, political decisions, and the business fabric. Extensive research was conducted using the Web of Science database. Six clusters were found in the literature on entrepreneurship and innovation ecosystems: ecosystems of innovation, entrepreneurship, region, new ventures, technology, and entrepreneurial university. New theoretical perspectives based on bibliometric analysis and new research paths have been identified.
- Knowledge and Technology Transfer in Tourism SMEsPublication . Lopes, João; Farinha, LuísThis chapter analyzes the dynamics underlying the mechanisms of transfer of knowledge and technology between academia and the tourism industry. Two interviews and research were applied to managers of SMEs. SMEs consider highly educated employees central to the knowledge transfer process, but do not give any incentive to their employees to graduate. It is not always possible to recruit young talents from higher education, as they prefer to go to work for large metropolises. The main barriers for collaboration in R&D academia-industry in the tourism sector are the cost, lack of interest on the part of higher education institutions, and the bureaucratic and time-consuming process. Regarding networking, SMEs agree that they create value, but also consider incorporating a regional innovation ecosystem. SMEs should use a competitive differentiation strategy.
- Reflecting on the innovative performances of European regions in the age of smart specialisationPublication . Lopes, João; Farinha, Luís; Ferreira, João J.This study seeks to identify the variables that best explain the performances of innovative regions of Europe deploying regional strategies for smart specialisation. We follow a quantitative methodology and applied linear regression as a method. To conduct this study, we collected data from the Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016. The results led to an explanatory invocation performance model for moderate innovator regions, and while also identifying some potential measures and suggestions in order to help decision-makers improve on the innovation performance of these regions.
- Business Dynamism and Innovation Capacity, an Entrepreneurship Worldwide PerspectivePublication . Lopes, João; Oliveira, Márcio; Silveira, Paulo; Farinha, Luís; Oliveira, JoséThis research aims to identify which factors best explain business dynamics and innovation capacity in the continents of Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, and North America. To achieve this, data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and the Global Competitiveness Report is used. The linear regression method is utilized with the stepwise procedure for data analysis. It is possible to ascertain that, with a view to increasing innovation capacity in the African continent, business leaders and managers should be acquainted with innovation studies to better understand technological advances. In relation to Asia, the detected models of business dynamism and capacity for innovation are positive. On the European continent, the results show that RIS3 has a positive impact on the capacity for innovation. In Latin America and the Caribbean, it seems that business dynamism and the capacity for innovation are negative and regional development policies should be more flexible. In North America, it appears that business dynamism and the capacity for innovation are negative. The research contributes with measures that can be applied by organizations and policymakers to these five continents to improve the performance of business dynamism and the capacity for innovation in their territories. The resulting data give originality to the research as well as important contributions, not only to the theory, but also to the entities (organizations and governments) acting in the field who can implement new policies, such as tax incentives to companies for the first purchase of high-tech equipment, products, or products with intellectual property rights developed by national companies and provide support policies directed to companies that purchase high-tech domestic equipment.
- Measuring the performance of innovation and entrepreneurship networksPublication . Lopes, João; Farinha, LuísThis study proposes a performance measurement adjusted to the conceptual model "multiple helix ecosystem for sustainable competitiveness" (Peris Ortiz et al., 2016), supported in innovation and entrepreneurship networks, in order to contribute to the improvement of sustainable competitiveness of territories. A systematic literature review was carried out between the years 1900 and 2016, based on the study keywords. The proposed performance measurement model was conceived from the "Multiple Helix Ecosystem" concept, allowing its empirical verification applied to national and regional economies.
- Value creation and commercialization in insular ecosystemsPublication . Lopes, João; Farinha, Luís; Ferreira, João J.Thisarticleaimstoevaluatetheresourcesandcapabilitiesininsularregions,andalsotounderstand howvaluecreationandcommercializationtakeplaceintheexistingecosystems.Aqualitativeresearch methodologywasfollowedthroughacasestudy,incorporatinginterviewswithincubatorsmanagersof theinsularregionsofPortugal(AzoresandMadeira).Theresultsshowsomedifficultiesasaresultof theecosystem’sinsularity.Toshortentheinsularregionsdissymmetrycomparedtoothernon-insular regions,anewmodelisproposedtohelptheseregionsovercometheireconomicandsocialproblems.
- Smart specialization policies: innovative performance models from European regionsPublication . Lopes, João; Farinha, Luís; Ferreira, João J.; Silveira, PauloThis research seeks to identify the factors that best explain the performance of regional innovation in Europe, in the era of smart specialization. Data were collected from the Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016 and a quantitative methodology was followed using linear regressions as statistical methods. The results allowed us to reach four explanatory models of performance innovation for Innovative Regions Leader, Strong, Moderate and Modest. Some policies have also been suggested as possible regional innovation measures that can help policy makers to clarify and improve the innovation performance of these regions.
- Analyzing the root of regional innovation performance in the European territoryPublication . Lopes, João; Silveira, Paulo; Farinha, Luís; Oliveira, Márcio; Oliveira, JoséPurpose – Regional innovation performance is an important indicator for decision-making regarding the implementation of policies intended for regional development. However, regional development policies have led economies to very different competitive positions in matters of innovation. To address these issues, this paper aims to identify the variables that most contribute to the positioning of economies in terms of performance innovation in Europe. Design/methodology/approach – The data for this study were collected at the regional innovation scoreboard. This paper uses a quantitative methodology through a multivariate statistical technique (discriminant analysis). Findings – The results suggest that specific innovation strategies explain the competitive positioning of economies within each group of countries. It was possible to demonstrate that economies with leader classification show greater comparative robustness in the variables “Small and medium enterprise (SMEs) with product or process innovations,” “SMEs with product or process innovations,” “research and development (R&D) expenditure public sector” and “population with tertiary education,” constituting an effective instrument of innovation policy. Furthermore, it was possible to show that the economies belonging to the modest group do not have a competitive advantage in any of the variables under study, thus providing a reflection opportunity for policymakers at this level. Originality/value – The present research identifies which variables are most relevant to the classification considering the regional innovation performance in leader, strong, moderate and modest. Several suggestions were given to companies, policymakers and higher education institutions in the sense that the regions where they operate can improve their innovative performance, which may help to a change in their current classification.
- Regional innovation ecosystems and smart specialization: opportunities and challenges for regionsPublication . Lopes, João; Farinha, Luís; Ferreira, João J.Global competition is today a reality and making smart regions smarter through smart specialization is currently on the political and economic agenda of territories. This study aims to contribute to clarifying the framework for the regional innovation ecosystems as well as identifying new research paths. Through extensive research using the Web of Science database with resource to a bibliometric analysis on smart specialization, six clusters were identified: cluster 1 – innovation networks and triple helix; cluster 2 - regional innovation systems; cluster 3 – regional innovation network; cluster 4 - smart innovation policies; cluster 5 – smart specialization; and cluster 6 - Asian innovation systems. Several future lines of research recently published in literature distributed by the six clusters were identified. This study also contributes to open new research horizons in these areas of knowledge, allowing the emergence of new streams of thought on the part of scholars, policymakers, economic agents and society in general.
- Social innovation and social entrepreneurship: discovering origins, exploring current and future trendsPublication . Farinha, Luís; Sebastião, João Renato; Sampaio, Carlos; Lopes, JoãoNonprofit sector integrates an important part of the economy, which serves as a critical factor for social change. Social innovation and social entrepreneurship are of paramount importance for the nonprofit sector aiming to solve social needs. The purpose of this paper is, through bibliometric mapping techniques, based on 2695 documents, to understand thematic evolution of social innovation and social entrepreneurship. The main conclusion is that, from the analysis, we can see that the scientific production in this field of knowledge has intensified in recent years, but the centrality and the search density undergo major changes. New paths for future research are outlined.
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