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- Motivation trans-contextual model application in the prediction of veteran athlete’s life satisfactionPublication . Batista, Marco; Honório, Samuel; Leyton, Marta; Jiménez Castuera, RuthBACKGROUND: This work presents an application extension of the motivation Trans-contextual Model, specifically in the prediction of veteran athletes’ life satisfaction. METHODS: A sample of 682 Portuguese veteran athletes of both genders, aged between 30 and 76 years old (M=43.64; SD=8.25) were used, in which, through questionnaires, the following was measured: basic psychological needs satisfaction, motivation, variables of planned behavior and life satisfaction. RESULTS: The structural equations model showed that social relation perception predicts positively and significantly autonomous motivation. In turn, it predicts attitudes positively and significantly, subjective norms and control perception, predicting these, positively and significantly the intentions. Satisfaction with life is positively and significantly predicted by intentions and control perception. CONCLUSIONS: From the results reached in this study, it is important to emphasize the importance of fostering social relations, since this will favor autonomous motivation, promoting a higher behavioral control over the practitioners’ intentions, generating greater life satisfaction.
- Diferenças em função do género das formas de motivação autodeterminada de atletas veteranosPublication . Batista, Marco; Jiménez Castuera, Ruth; Lobato, Susana; Leyton, Marta; Aspano, MariaO objetivo foi analisar as diferenças, em função do género, das formas da motivação autodeterminada e necessidades psicológicas básicas de atletas veteranos. A amostra foi composta por 320 atletas veteranos portugueses de ambos os géneros, de idades entre os 30 e os 60 anos (M=44 DP=8.6), competidores de várias modalidades. Como instrumentos de medida utilizou-se o Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ) e o Basic Psychological Needs Exercise Scale (BPNES). A análise de dados revelou que não existiam diferenças significativas quanto às formas de motivação autodeterminada, mostrando os atletas masculinos valores mais elevados de amotivação, regulação introjetada e motivação intrínseca. Porém, as atletas femininas apresentaram diferenças significativas a seu favor, na satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas. Este estudo apresenta-se como um contributo para a compreensão da função do desporto na promoção de bem-estar na população de veteranos, sendo de interesse aumentar a satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas no género masculino.
- Motivational variables and correlation between healthy lifestyles of students in Physical EducationPublication . Carrón, Maria; Lobato, Susana; Batista, Marco; Leyton, Marta; Jiménez Castuera, RuthIn our work we will focus on correlation between variables of lifestyle related to health and motivation ones, using the theoretical psychological needs (BPN) and autonomous motivation, which contributed to an explanation of variance in healthy behaviors, such as physical activity and sport participation.
- Transcontextual model application in the prediction of veteran judo athletes’ life satisfactionPublication . Batista, Marco; Jiménez Castuera, Ruth; Leyton, Marta; Lobato, Susana; Aspano, MariaBackground and Study Aim: Despite recognised benefits of regular physical activity for health, the percentage of individuals linking with a physical activity practice sufficient to confer health benefits is low. The aim of current work is knowledge about effects of an extension of the motivation trans-contextual model application, specifically in the prediction of life satisfaction by veteran judo athletes. Material and Methods: It was used a sample of 99 Portuguese veteran judo athletes of both genders, aged between 30 and 76 years (M = 42.61 ±9.75), where through questionnaires were measured: basic psychological needs satisfaction, motivation, planned behaviour variables and life satisfaction. Results: The structural equations model showed that autonomy perception positively and significantly predicts autonomous motivation. In its turn it positively and significantly predicts intentions. Conclusions: Life satisfaction is positively and significantly predicted by intentions. Results authorise to emphasise the importance of fostering autonomy, since this will favour autonomous motivation, promoting a higher behavioural control over the practitioners’ intentions, thus generating a higher life satisfaction.
- Self-determined motivation and life satisfaction in portuguese veterans athletesPublication . Batista, Marco; Jiménez Castuera, Ruth; Leyton, Marta; Aspano, Maria; Lobato, SusanaThe aims of this work were to determine correlations and predictive variables, between the levels of motivation, basic psychological needs and life satisfaction of Portuguese veteran athletes. The sample consisted in 684 Portuguese veteran athletes of both genders, aged between 30 and 90 years (M = 43.78 DP = 8.61), competitors of various modalities. As instruments we used the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ), the Basic Psychological Needs Scale Exercise (BPNES), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Positives and Negatives Affections Scale (PANAS). It was applied the bivariate Pearson correlation test and multiple linear regression. The results showed that the veteran athletes present a good selfdetermination for the sport practice, being their welfare levels in life satisfaction related to the same self-determination, but rather dependent on the affections produced by sports. This study is presented as a contribution to understanding the role of sport in promoting wellness in veteran sports population.
- Análisis del golpeo y la preparación psicológica para retornar a la práctica en futbolistas tras una lesión isquiosuralPublication . Oriol Setien, José; Leyton, Marta; Pascual Hernandez, Miguel; Batista, MarcoLas lesiones de la musculatura isquiosural son las más comunes en fútbol, y pueden presentar efectos residuales que cambien el patrón de un gesto técnico. El presente estudio analizó las diferencias en la técnica de golpeo entre jugadores anteriormente lesionados y jugadores no lesionados, así como las correlaciones entre la capacidad psicológica para retornar a la práctica y las características del gesto. Tres futbolistas que habían padecido una lesión de isquiosurales conformaron el grupo de jugadores anteriormente lesionados, y tres futbolistas que no habían padecido ninguna lesión en el miembro inferior en los últimos dos años, formaron el grupo de jugadores no lesionados. Se analizaron los gestos de golpeo a balón parado y de golpeo en carrera a través del programa Kinovea. Asimismo, se evaluó la capacidad psicológica para retornar a la práctica mediante el Injury Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport (I-PRRS). Únicamente la velocidad del balón en el golpeo en carrera presentó diferencias significativas entre grupos (p<0,05). Además, se obtuvieron correlaciones positivas entre la preparación psicológica para retornar y la flexión de rodilla en el golpeo en carrera, y entre la flexión de rodilla en el golpeo a balón parado y los ítems 3 y 4 del I-PRRS. Asimismo, se hallaron correlaciones negativas entre la extensión de cadera en el golpeo a balón parado y el ítem 6 del I-PRRS. Los resultados permiten concluir que variables cinemáticas y variables psicológicas se encuentran interrelacionadas tras una lesión en la musculatura isquiosural.
- Differences between gender and population groups, motivational variables and healthy lifestylesPublication . Leyton, Marta; Batista, Marco; Jiménez Castuera, RuthThe objective of our study was to analyse the difference between genders in the population groups under and over 40 years old, in relation to healthy lifestyles variables such as the intention to be physically active, balanced diet, tobacco, rest, as well as motivational variables related to the practice of physical activity. The sample consisted of 858 subjects, aged between 18 and 77 years old (41.62 ± 13.30). The instruments used for collection data were the Behavioural Regulation Exercise Questionnaire, for the Intrinsic Motivation measurement, the Intentionality to be Physically Active Measurement Scale, for the intention of future practice measurement, and the Healthy Lifestyles Questionnaire, for the tobacco consumption, rest, balanced diet and respect to the meal schedule variables measurement. The results determined that men have more intention to be physically active, higher more self-determined motivation and greater balanced diet, than women, both in the group under 40 years, and in the group over 40 years It was concluded that men have higher means in variables related to lifestyle, in relation to women.
- Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Healthy Lifestyle QuestionnairePublication . Batista, Marco; Leyton, Marta; Honório, Samuel; Santos, Jorge; Jiménez Castuera, RuthThe main objective of this study was the validation of the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (EVS II), using a confirmatory factorial analysis of the measurement model, with veteran athletes. A total of 348 veteran Portuguese athletes of both genders, aged between 30 and 60 years (M = 41.64, SD = 9.83), of whom 200 were males and 148 were females, from several sports. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis demonstrate the adequacy of the adapted version of the EVS II, as the factorial structure (6 factors/24 items) has acceptable validity indexes: χ2 = 305.925, p = 0.000, df = 120.017, χ2/df = 2.549, NFI (Normed Fit Index) = 0.909, TLI (Tucker Lewis Index) = 0.918, CFI (Comparative Fit Index) = 0.944, GFI (Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.944, AGFI (Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.909, SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual) = 0.048, RMSEA (Root Mean Square of Approximation) = 0.060, allowing evaluation of the dimensions of balanced diet, respect for mealtime, tobacco and alcohol consumption, other drugs consumption and resting habits. The adaptation to sport of the Portuguese version of EVS II can be used with reasonable confidence in the evaluation of healthy lifestyles in the context of sport
- Modelo transcontextual de la motivación en la predicción de estilos de vida saludablesPublication . Batista, Marco; Leyton, Marta; Lobato, Susana; Jiménez Castuera, RuthEl presente trabajo examinó la aplicación del Modelo Transcontextual de la Motivación en la predicción de estilos de vida saludables de atletas veteranos. Se utilizó una muestra de 682 atletas veteranos portugueses de ambos géneros, de edades comprendidas entre los 30 y los 76 años (M=43.64; DT=8.25), dónde a través de cuestionarios se ha medido: la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, la motivación, las variables del comportamiento planeado y los estilos de vida saludables. De las conclusiones alcanzadas en este trabajo, son de destacar la relevancia de fomentar la necesidad psicológica básica de relación social, ya que ésta favorecerá la motivación intrínseca, promoviendo un mayor control del comportamiento sobre las intenciones de los practicantes, generando así mejores hábitos alimenticios, hábitos de descanso y menor consumo de tabaco.
- Monitorización de las cargas de entrenamiento en corredores de fondo y medio fondo de alto nivelPublication . Pascual Hernandez, Miguel; Leyton, Marta; Oriol Setien, José; Batista, MarcoEl principal objetivo del entrenamiento consiste en mejorar el rendimiento y, por ende, reducir lesiones. Para ello, la monitorización de dicha carga (interna, externa y su relación) se ha constatado como vital. Sin embargo, muchos entrenadores siguen sin controlar (o etéreamente) las cargas en sus deportistas, pues, además, no existe un sistema etiquetado como el ideal. Consecuentemente, teniendo en cuenta el contexto y lo que la literatura dice al respecto, se realizó una propuesta personal con corredores de resistencia de alto nivel, contabilizando, en cuanto a carga externa, volumen mediante los kilómetros recorridos semanalmente, intensidad mediante la velocidad de carrera con zonas de entrenamiento en función del perfil individual de lactato, y frecuencia registrando el número de entrenamientos y de los contenidos trabajados. Respecto al estrés interno, la Escala de Esfuerzo Percibido y la medición de la altura del salto vertical con contramovimiento, en pos de determinar la fatiga neuromuscular subaguda. Los resultados mostraron relación significativa en la mayoría de variables, haciendo que el objetivo e hipótesis que perseguía la intervención se cumplan en mayor o menor medida, por lo que el sistema de monitorización escogido y/o los diferentes ítems que lo componen podrían ser válidos para su utilización en otros contextos.