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- Portuguese honey consummer's attitudes and characterizationPublication . Santos, Maria José; Carmona, Clarisse Pires; Anjos, O.Este estudo tem como principais objectivos determinar o perfil do consumidor do mel em Portugal e as suas atitudes face ao produto, à produção e ao consumo de mel. Para esse efeito foi elaborado e aplicado um questionário directo online. Este questionário foi aplicado uma amostra representativa de 1037 indivíduos. Foi efectuado um pré-teste do inquérito com cerca de 30 inquiridos. Foram ainda analisadas as atitudes face ao produto, o apoio à apicultura, o foco apícola e as normas subjectivas sobre a produção e ao consumo de mel efectuado de acordo com da Teoria do Comportamento Planeado (TCP) de Ajzen.
- Enzyme inhibitory potential of Ligustrum lucidum Aiton berriesPublication . Paula, Vanessa Branco; Delgado, Teresa; Campos, Maria da Graça; Anjos, O.; Estevinho, Letícia M.Ligustrum lucidum Aiton and its berries have been used in Chinese traditional medicine for around two thousand years. In the present study, L. lucidium berries harvested in two regions of Portugal were studied. Haemolytic activity and inhibition of oxidative haemolysis as well as the enzyme inhibitory activities (α-amylase enzyme and acetylcholinesterase) were assessed. Results suggest that the different biological activities varied according to the region where samples were collected. Results demonstrated that the sample obtained from region R1 was the most efficient extract for all parameters evaluated, presenting the lowest values of IC50, 10.67 ± 0.46 μg/mL for the inhibition of erythrocyte oxidative haemolysis, 58.28 ± 3.77 μg/mL for the α-amylase enzyme and 67.67 ± 2.10 μg/mL for the acetylcholinesterase inhibition. L. Lucidum berries may be an interesting source of compounds for use in the development of the therapeutic armamentarium for diseases where enzymatic disruption is believed to play a role
- Identification of gallotannins and ellagitannins in aged wine spirits : a new perspective using alternative ageing technology and high-resolution mass spectrometryPublication . Fernandes, Tiago A.; Antunes, Alexandra M.M.; Caldeira, Ilda; Anjos, O.; Freitas, Victor; Fargeton, Laurent; Boissier, Benjamin; Catarino, Sofia; Canas, SaraThis research was focused on identifying gallotannins and ellagitannins degradation pathways to better understand their behavior in complex media such as wine spirits (WS). A WS was aged with chestnut wood staves with three levels of micro-oxygenation, nitrogen, and using wooden barrels. Gallotannins and ellagitannins were identified by LC-ESI-HRMS/MS using a Q-TOF in samples collected at 8, 21, 60, 180, 270, and 365 days of ageing, allowed comparing their relative abundances according to the ageing technology. It was established for the first time, the importance of oxygen in gallotannins and ellagitannins formation/degradation pathways in WS and shading light into the explanation for the steady increase of gallic and ellagic acid contents on WS during ageing. The results also highlighted the presence of penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose, tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose, tri- O-galloyl-β-D-glucose, di-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose, and mono-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose, 2,3-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-β-D-glucose, pedunculagin, isomers vescalagin/castalagin and two products stemming from ethanol-promoted oxidation of castalagin/vescalagin and vescalin/castalin, in the composition WS aged with chestnut wood.
- Fatty acid profile, total fat, protein, moisture and ash in different edible parts of Albacore Tuna (Thunnus alalunga Bonnaterre, 1788) - Preliminary resultsPublication . Pitacas, F.I.; Benito Bernáldez, María José; Blasco Ruíz, Manuel; Lopéz González, José Antonio; Palencia, Rocío; Anjos, O.; Vasconcelos, Vanessa; Paulo, Luísa; Rodrigues, A.M.This study assessed the specific proximal composition and fatty acid profile of different edible parts of a 13 kg male Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre, 1788) caught in June 2023 in the Cantabrian Sea.
- Determination of structural phenolic compounds of Acacia dealbata pollen by HPLC/DADPublication . Anjos, O.; Amâncio, Débora; Serrano, Marisa Isabel Andrade; Campos, Maria da GraçaThere are almost 1 380 species of Acacia found throughout the world. In Portugal the most common Acacia is Acacia dealbata Link and is an invasive species that occupy surrounding area gradually. Several studies were made in order to evaluate some potential uses for these species in order to try delaying their territorial expanding [1]. The aim of this study was to evaluate the source of flavonoids in A. dealbata pollen for use in research of new active molecules using a prior screening by HPLC/DAD. A. dealbata pollen samples were collected directly from the flower stamens and were used for the large scale extraction and isolation of flavonoids [2]. Approximately 10 mg of pollen sample was dried and extracted with 50% ethanol (1:1, v/v) assisted by ultrasonication (30 min), centrifuged at 5000 rpm during 10 min and the supernatant used for HPLC/DAD analysis in a Gilson 170 system with a Waters Spherisorb ODS2 (5 mm) (4.6 × 250 mm) column stabilized at 25 ° C by using an eluent mixture of water-acetonitrile gradient with a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. The standard chromatograms at 260 and 340nm l [3,4] and spectral data between 220 and 400nm were collected (spectral zone of the phenolic acids and flavonoids in this study). The compounds' structures were determined by UV absorption spectroscopy according to Campos and Markham [4]. The most common flavonoids structures observed in A. dealbata pollen samples were naringenin-chalcone derivatives with different retention times. The other relevant compounds present in A. dealbata pollen were luteolin derivatives (with 6- or 8-O-substitutions), a dihydroflavonol, quercetin derivatives with 3-O-substitutions and a phenolic acid derivative and two unknown compounds (Figure 1). The two compounds not identified will be the focus of the further research. From the data collected it will be done the biological approach in order to validate some bioactivities.
- Advances in ISO standardization of bee pollenPublication . Anjos, O.; Alpat, Ufuk; Özkök, Aslı; Campos, Maria da Graça; Margaoan, Rodica; Damarli, Emel; Almeida, Paulo Russo; Bobis, Otilia; Varadi, Alina Felicia; Bruneau, Etienne; Li, Hongliang; Geer, Leo de; Meeme, Rehema; Gloger, Thomas; González Porto, Amelia; Yorulmaz, Elif Önder; Samancı, Aslı Elif Tanuğur; Artık, Nevzat; Chhuneja, Pardeep KumarStandardization, although voluntary in many countries around the world, is extremely important for regulating the marketing of goods and services. The standardization of a product guarantees quality parameters not only in the production processes but also in the finished product, thus giving greater confidence to consumers.
- Discrimination of different monovarietal wines by FTIR-ATRPublication . Antunes, Carlos Alberto Lopes; Carrilho, Cláudia; Peres, Maria de Fátima; Queirós, Rodolfo; Gouveia, Cecília; Teixeira, M.C.C.; Ramos, António Santos; Anjos, O.Discrimination of different monovarietal wines by FTIR-ATR.
- Computational intelligence applied to discriminate bee pollen quality and botanical originPublication . Gonçalves, Paulo; Estevinho, Letícia M.; Pereira, Ana Paula; Sousa, João M.C.; Anjos, O.The aim of this work was to develop computational intelligence models based on neural networks (NN), fuzzy models (FM), and support vector machines (SVM) to predict physicochemical composition of bee pollen mixture given their botanical origin. To obtain the predominant plant genus of pollen (was the output variable), based on physicochemical composition (were the input variables of the predictive model), prediction models were learned from data. For the inverse case study, input/output variables were swapped. The probabilistic NN prediction model obtained 98.4% of correct classification of the predominant plant genus of pollen. To obtain the secondary and tertiary plant genus of pollen, the results present a lower accuracy. To predict the physicochemical characteristic of a mixture of bee pollen, given their botanical origin, fuzzy models proven the best results with small prediction errors, and variability lower than 10%.
- APISIG - ordenamento apícola na região de Castelo BrancoPublication . Anjos, O.; Silva, Gabriela Alexandra Fernandes da; Roque, Natália; Fernandez, PauloA apicultura desempenha um papel de relevo e importância crescente na sustentabilidade e desenvolvimento das áreas rurais. Apesar do número de apicultores não profissionais ser elevado na região de Castelo Branco, assiste-se atualmente a um grau de profissionalização mais elevado no sector é notório o aumento de apicultores profissionais de grande dimensão e com uma formação de nível avançado neste sector. Por outro lado as infraestruturas criadas na região permitem o aumento, com qualidade, da prática da apicultura e transformação dos diferentes produtos da colmeia.
- Relation between mechanical properties of cork from Quercus suberPublication . Anjos, O.; Pereira, Helena; Rosa, Maria EmíliaCork is known as the material used for the production of wine stoppers. The specific properties of cork, e.g. low density, very low permeability to water, elastic properties and inertness have made it the best sealant for quality wine. Here we studied the relation between compression, tensile and bending stress in cork and the influence of structural characteristics of cork on its mechanical behaviour. The material was sampled from raw cork planks of good quality (class 1) and poor quality (class 4) collected at one industrial mill after post-harvest six-month air stabilization, water boiling and air drying as usually applied in cork industrial processing. The samples had densities ranging 0.123 - 0.203 g.cm-3 and porosities between 0.5 and 22.0%. There are differences between the type of stress and the corresponding direction of stress. For the same direction of stress, the Young modulus in tension is higher then in bending and it is lowest in compression. The bending Young modulii were well correlated with the tensile Young modulii, because while in bending the sample is submitted to both tensile and compression stresses, the fracture occurs in the tensile zone. There were no significant differences in the mechanical properties of cork samples obtained from cork planks of different quality classes but the density is an important factor and samples with higher density showed overall larger resistance. Mechanical properties were influenced by the structural features related to the lenticular channels, namely the presence of thick walled and lignified cells that may border the lenticular channels.