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- Relationship between motor competence and weight status from childhood to adolescence (3-19 years)Publication . Pombo, André; Luz, Carlos; Cordovil, Rita; Almeida, Gabriela; Rebelo, Miguel; Serrano, João; Rodrigues, Luis Paulo; Turkish Archives of PediatricsObjective: To evaluate the relationship between motor competence (MC) and weight status (WS) from childhood through adolescence. Methods: A total of 4537 participants (2425 boys) aged 3-19 years were assessed. The MC was measured using the MC Assessment (MCA) instrument, and body mass index was calculated from height and weight. Results: An inverted U-shaped relationship was observed between WS and MC. Participants with a healthy weight (HW) consistently showed higher total MCA scores compared to those with underweight (UW) (P = .002), overweight (OW), and obesity (OB) (both P < .001). The OB participants had the lowest MC scores overall (OB < OW < HW; P < .001), with UW also per-forming significantly worse than HW. This pattern was consistent in the Stability and Locomotor components. However, in the Manipulative component, UW participants scored significantly lower than all other groups (HW P = .028; OW P = .024; OB P = .017), while HW, OW, and OB did not differ significantly. These patterns were consistent across sex and age groups (all Ps > .05). Conclusion: An association between WS and MC was observed across developmental stages, suggesting that HW profiles may be related to higher MC. The consistency of these patterns across age and sex suggests that biological and sociocultural mechanisms may jointly influ-ence this relationship throughout development.
- Not all sitting is equal in later life: A perspective on cognitively active sedentary behaviorPublication . Ramalho, André; Fernandes, Emmanuel; Duarte-Mendes, Pedro; Paulo, Rui; Paulo, RuiSedentary behavior is conventionally defined as waking time spent sitting, reclining, or lying at very low energy expenditure (≤1.5 METs), a definition that supports surveillance and guideline translation. For cognitive and mental-health outcomes in later life, however, total sedentary minutes may be too coarse: seated episodes differ in cognitive demand, social context, autonomy over pacing, and stopping cues. This perspective advances a falsifiable thesis: distinguishing cognitively active from cognitively passive sedentary domains should yield more coherent and interpretable associations with cognition and mental health than total sedentary time alone. Existing evidence suggests that passive, media-dominant patterns and cognitively engaging seated practices relate differently to cognitive decline, dementia risk, and depression-related outcomes, although confounding and reverse causality remain central concerns. We propose a minimal measurement agenda: domain reporting, key modifiers, reliability flags for mixed episodes, episode-linked ecological momentary assessment, and time-reallocation contrasts. If domain resolution does not improve stability, coherence, or substitution-based interpretability, the thesis should be rejected or revised.
- The effects of menstrual cycle phase on jumping performance in women's football players: a systematic reviewPublication . Marques, Catarina; Rebelo, Miguel; Serrano, João; Fonseca, Helder; Frontiers in Sports and Active LivingObjectives: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the available evidence on the influence of menstrual cycle (MC) phases on vertical jump performance (countermovement jump and squat jump height) in female football players. Design: The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (ID1035357). Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus (EBSCO). Studies were included if they involved female football players, assessed vertical jump performance, and compared performance across MC phases. Methodological quality was assessed using a modified Downs & Black checklist for non-interventional studies. Results: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Substantial heterogeneity was observed regarding MC phase determination procedures, sample characteristics, and testing protocols. Although some studies reported higher vertical jump height values during the follicular or ovulatory phases, no statistically significant differences were found. Conclusions: Current evidence is insufficient to determine whether MC phases influence vertical jump performance in female football players. Findings should be interpreted cautiously due to methodological limitations in MC phase determination and low statistical power. Future research should aim to standardize protocols, use objective hormonal verification, and recruit larger samples.
- Emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between sport type and social anxiety in adolescentsPublication . Fernandes, Helder Miguel; Costa, Henrique; Esteves, Pedro Tiago; Fonseca, Teresa de Jesus; Honório, Samuel; Rodrigues, Aristides M. Machado; FrontiersBackground: Adolescence is a developmental period marked by heightened social anxiety vulnerability. Organized sport may protect mental health, but the psychological mechanisms linking sport type to social anxiety remain unclear. Objective: This study examined whether specific emotional intelligence dimensions mediate the association between sport type and social anxiety among adolescents, and whether sex or age moderates these relationships. Methods: The sample comprised 1036 adolescents (603 girls and 433 boys), aged 12-17 years. Participants completed self-report measures assessing sport participation (no sport = 684; individual 24 = 156; and team = 196), emotional intelligence, and social anxiety. Mediation and moderated mediation analyses were conducted using bootstrapped regression models. Results: The use of emotion emerged as the most consistent mediator between sport participation and lower levels of social anxiety. Both individual and team sports were indirectly associated with lower fear of negative evaluation, reduced social avoidance and distress through a greater use of emotion. Team sport participation also showed a direct positive association with fear of negative evaluation, indicating inconsistent mediation. Sex showed no significant moderation effect. Age influenced certain direct and indirect pathways, with team sport participation showing a transient positive association with fear of negative evaluation during early adolescence, buffered by stable protective indirect effects of use of emotion across ages. This is a provisional file, not the final typeset article. Conclusions: These findings indicate that sport participation types were indirectly 34 associated with lower social anxiety in adolescents through adaptive use of emotion, while also suggesting that team sport contexts may amplify evaluative pressures that increase fear of negative evaluation during early adolescence.
- Níveis de bem-estar subjetivo e motivação para a prática de exercício durante o isolamento por Covid-19Publication . Gaspar, Bruno Miguel Almeida Santos; Afonso, Filipa; Bluté, Lino; Galán-Arroyo, Carmen; Batista, MarcoDevido ao risco de saúde pública e com a intenção de reduzir o ritmo de propagação da doença por COVID 19, vários países adotaram medidas. O Governo Português adotou medidas extraordinárias (Decreto-Lei n.º 10-A/2020, de 13 de março) para promover o isolamento social em dois grandes períodos de confinamento. Objetivou-se verificar o efeito que a prática desportiva exerce, sobre os níveis de bem-estar subjetivo e motivação para a prática de exercício durante os períodos de isolamento por COVID-19. Este é um estudo de corte transversal, na medida em que se colhem dados no contexto de uma determinada população num determinado momento (Araújo, 2011), e de natureza exploratória e correlacional. O estudo contou com 822 indivíduos (Género Masculino, n=382; Género Feminino, n=440), com uma média de idades de 28,43±12,07. Utilizámos três questionários, sendo eles o Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ3); a Escala de Satisfação com a Vida (SWLS); e a Escala de Afetos Positivos e Negativos (PANAS). Registaram-se diferenças entre géneros na motivação autónoma e afetos negativos. Os resultados evidenciaram que indivíduos com níveis mais elevados de motivação autónoma tendem a ter melhores níveis de perceção com a satisfação com a vida e a manifestar estados de afetividade positiva.
- Psychological readiness in professional bullfighters: role, experience, and recent exposurePublication . Batista, MarcoIntroduction. Professional bullfighting constitutes a performance context characterized by real risk, high uncertainty, and substantial psychophysiological demands, requiring specific psychological resources to ensure effective and safe performance. Objective. The study aimed to characterize the psychological profile of professional bullfighters in the domains of basic, psychosomatic, and cognitive skills; to compare this profile across different professional roles; and to explore, in an integrated manner, the influence of role, accumulated experience, and recent practice volume on the global psychological index. Methodology. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 51 Portuguese male professional bullfighters. Participants completed the Ottawa Mental Skills Assessment Tool (OMSAT-3). Descriptive analyses were performed, along with non-parametric tests for correlation and comparison across professional roles, and quantile regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results. High levels were observed in foundational and cognitive competencies, with comparatively weaker psychosomatic competencies, especially in fear management and stress reactions, as well as differences between professional categories. Quantile regression indicated that the volume of recent practice was positively associated with several psychological domains, while accumulated experience was not predictive. Discussion. The findings were consistente with previous research in bullfighting and other high-risk sports, highlighting the importance of continued exposure for psychophysiological regulation and psychological preparation. Conclusions. The psychological profile of professional bullfighters appears to be more closely associated with recent practice volume and the role performed.
- Effects of inclination in Farmer’s Carry: muscle properties and strengthPublication . Machado, Renato Costa; Louro, Hugo; Freitas, João; Batista, Marco; Marinho, Daniel; Conceição, AnaIntroduction: The farmer’s carry is a loaded‑carry exercise in which an individual walks a distance while holding heavy loads in each hand, requiring substantial grip strength, whole‑body stability, and coordinated lower‑limb force production. Objective: This study aimed to examine the acute effects of a light‑load inclined farmer’s carry protocol on grip strength, rectus femoris muscle mechanical properties, and lower‑limb asymmetries. Methodology: Twelve healthy young adults completed a continuous treadmill walk at 4 km/h while carrying two 10kg dumbbells, progressing through five incline stages (0–8%), each corresponding to 50 meters. Grip strength and muscle mechanical properties were recorded after each stage during a 1‑minute rest. Results: Significant grip strength reductions were observed in both hands, with decreases of 10.10% in the dominant side (p < 0.05, η²p = 0.61) and 8.50% in the non‑dominant side (p <0.05, η²p = 0.41). Also, a significant decrease in logarithmic decrement was detected in the dominant side (p = 0.04, W = 0.19). At baseline, 0, 2 and 6% were also observed significant differences between the dominant side and non-dominant side in logarithmic decrement. Conclusions: Overall, inclined farmer’s carry efforts primarily induced peripheral, grip‑specific fatigue, with minimal alterations in rectus femoris muscle mechanical properties, supporting the use of inclines to safely increase task difficulty without excessive mechanical stress.
- Ethical aspects in scientific literature on participatory research approaches with older adults: a scoping review protocolPublication . Serrat, Rodrigo; Urbaniak, Ann; Groot, Barbara; Ikier, Symai; Yellon, Tamar; Yaylagul, Nilufer; Gerdina, Otto; Pihlainen, Kaisa; Wanka, Anna; Ozola, Aija; Korkmaz, Mehmet; Honório, Samuel; Pons-Vila, Joan; Lucantoni, Davide; JBI Evidence Synthesis, HumanObjective: This scoping review will systematically map and synthesize the ethical aspects addressed in the scientific literature on participatory research involving older adults. It will examine both procedural or principle-based research ethics and relational or situational ethics, exploring how these are shaped by contexts and considerations of diversity. The review will also identify conceptual frameworks and gaps to inform research and ethical practice. Introduction: Participatory research with older adults is gaining momentum, with ethical considerations central to such approaches. Yet the ethical complexity of participatory processes is often underreported. This review will explore how ethical aspects are described in the literature. Eligibility criteria: Studies will be included if they focus on individuals aged 60 and over who are involved in research through consultative, collaborative, or co-decisional roles. Eligible studies must explicitly address ethical aspects related to procedural or principle-based research ethics, relational or situational ethics, or both. Methods: Given the growing emphasis on ethical considerations in participatory research involving older adults, a scoping review is appropriate for mapping the extent, range, and nature of the available evidence. The review will follow JBI methodology and established scoping review frameworks, incorporating both descriptive quantitative and qualitative analyses. Six databases will be searched: Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, and Sociological Abstracts. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts, and assess full texts for inclusion, with a third reviewer consulted as needed. Findings will be organized under conceptual and thematic headings and presented in tables, figures, and descriptive synthesis.
- Multidimensional determinants of decision making in judo: a systematic reviewPublication . Batista, Marco; Šimenko, JožefIntroduction: Decision-making in judo is a critical skill, shaped by multiple physiological, contextual, technical, and psychological factors that interact in highly unpredictable and tactically demanding environments. Objetive: This systematic review aimed to analyze the main determinants of decision-making in judo, synthesize the methodological designs used, and discuss the associated practical and research implications. Methodology: The Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched according to PRISMA guidelines, yielding 4 eligible studies. Results: Evidence shows that decision-making in combat is strongly influenced by variables such as tournament phase, weight category, rapid weight loss, and the opponent's technical style. Lighter athletes exhibit greater technical diversity and faster decision-making, while heavier categories prioritize strength and ground control. Strategies such as pacing and intensity adjustments depending on the competitive moment emerge as central tactical determinants. Rapid weight loss has been shown to compromise executive function, negatively impacting attention and reaction time. Despite advances in observational analyses, there remains a lack of experimental studies integrating neurocognitive and psychophysiological metrics. Conclusions: The conclusion is that decision-making in judo should be trained in representative contexts that simulate the cognitive, technical, and emotional pressures of real competition, promoting an integrated approach between technical training, physical preparation, and mental regulation.
- História, ficção e identidade: o 25 de Abril na literatura para crianças e jovens.Publication . Pires, Natividade; Arnaut, Ana Paula; Peixinho, Ana TeresaEste artigo aborda uma diversidade de livros para crianças e jovens sobre o 25 de Abril de 1974, publicados ao longo de cinco décadas. As dimensões informativa, pedagógica, ideológica e literária articulam-se de diferentes formas, sendo estas obras multifacetadas na transmissão às crianças e jovens do séc. XXI dos valores defendidos pela Revolução do Cravos em Portugal.